Unit 1: 5.3 Fungi

Question 1

Why do we study fungi in microbiology?

Answer 1

• Some fungi are pathogenic
• are decomposers
• make certain foods like cheese
• major sources of antibiotics like from the fungus Penicillium

Question 2

Mycoses

Answer 2

Illnesses caused by fungi

Question 3

Fungi characteristics?

Answer 3

• hyphae
• mycelium
• thallus
• septae
• saprotrophic
• chitin walls

Question 4

Hyphae

Answer 4

Filaments that can form mycelium

Question 5

Mycelium

Answer 5

Tangled network of hyphae

Question 6

Thallus

Answer 6

Body of fleshy fungi

Question 7

Septae hyphae

Answer 7

Hyphae that have walls between cells

Question 8

Coenocytic hyphae

Answer 8

Hyphae that lack walls and cell membrane between cells

Question 9

Yeasts

Answer 9

-unicellular fungi
-reproduce by budding asexually (bud off a daughter cell)
-

Question 10

Ergosterols

Answer 10

• found in fungal cell membranes only

- exploited for anti fungal drugs

Question 11

How do fungi reproduce sexually?

Answer 11

1. Germination (+) and (-) mating types
2. Plasmogamy
3. Karyogamy
4. Meiosis and germination

Question 12

Zygospores

Answer 12

Sexually produced spores found in Zygomycota

Question 13

Ascospores

Answer 13

Sexually produced spores found in Ascomycota

Question 14

Badiosphores

Answer 14

Sexually produced spores found in Basidomycota

Question 15

How do fungi reproduce asexually?

Answer 15

• mitosis
• mitosis with budding
• fragmentation of hyphae
• asexual spores

Question 16

Plasmogamy

Answer 16

-fusion between (+) and (-) mating types resulting in zygosporium with multiple haploid nuclei

Question 17

Karyogamy

Answer 17

The nuclei fuse to form a zygote with multiple diploid nuclei

Question 18

What are the 4 medically important fungal groups

Answer 18

• Ascomycota
• Zygomycota
• Basidiomycota
• Microsporidia

Question 19

Zygomycota

Answer 19

Saphrophytes with coenocytic hyphae and haploid nuclei

• zygosphores
• important in food science and crop pathogens

Question 20

Rhizopus stolonifer

Answer 20

• Zygomycota

- bread mold that causes tide seeding blight

Question 21

Mucor

Answer 21

• Zygomycota

- genus of fungi that causes necrotizing infections in humans

Question 22

Ascomycota

Answer 22

• Fungi that are uses as food (edible mushrooms/truffles)
• food spoilage
• pathogens

Question 23

Ascospores

Answer 23

Sexually produced by Ascomycota

Question 24

Conidia

Answer 24

Asexual spores produced by Ascomycota

Question 25

Aspergillus

Answer 25

Causes allergy, infection, Japanese sake

-Ascomycota

Question 26

Aflatoxin

Answer 26

A toxin and natural carcinogen and used in genetics

-Ascomycota

Question 27

Penicilium

Answer 27

Produces antibiotic penicillin

-Ascomycota

Question 28

Basidiomycota

Answer 28

Fungi that have basidia (club shaped structures)

-basidiospores produced within basidiocarps

Question 29

Microsporidia

Answer 29

Unicellular fungi that are obligate intracelular parasites

• no mitochondria, peroxisomes, and centrioles
• have polar tubule that pierces host cell membrane and allow fungus to gain entry to cell

Question 30

Mushrooms are a type of?

Answer 30

Basidiocarp