Unit 1: 6.2

Question 1

What is the lytic cycle?

Answer 1

Bacteriophage takes over cell reproduces new phages and kills the cell

Question 2

What are the stages in lytic cycle?

Answer 2

1. Attachment
2. Penetration
3. Biosynthesis
4. Maturation
5. Lysis

Question 3

Attachment

Answer 3

Phage attaches to surface of host

Question 4

Penetration

Answer 4

Viral DNA enters the host cell

Question 5

Biosynthesis

Answer 5

Phage DNA replicates band phage proteins are made

Question 6

Maturation

Answer 6

New phage particles are assembled

Question 7

Lysis

Answer 7

Cell lyses releasing the newly made phages

Question 8

What is the lysogenic cycle?

Answer 8

Phage integrates into host genome

Question 9

What is the integrated phage genome called?

Answer 9

Prophage

Question 10

Lysogeny

Answer 10

Process where a bacterium is infected by a temperate (inactive) phage

Question 11

Latency

Answer 11

Happens in animal viruses which is similar to lysogeny in bacteriophage

Question 12

How do bacteriophages infect host cells

Answer 12

Inject their dna

Question 13

How do animals have infect host cell?

Answer 13

Endocytosis or membrane fusion

Question 14

Generalized transduction

Answer 14

When a random piece of bacterial chromosome DNA is transferred by page during lyric cycle
-can cause antibiotic resistance or sugar metabolizing gene

Question 15

Specialized transduction

Answer 15

Happens at the end of lysogenic cycle when prophage leaves cell and the bacteriophage Emeterio the lyric cycle

Question 16

What happens if a virus has +ssRNA genome

Answer 16

It can be translated to make viral proteins acts as mRNA

Question 17

What happens if a virus has -ssRNA genome?

Answer 17

Host ribosomes cannot translate it until it turns positive

Question 18

Retroviruses

Answer 18

+ssRNA viruses that have reverse transcriptase which can turn +ssRNA into dsDNA and become a permanent part of the host

Question 19

Provirus

Answer 19

Integrated viral genome form retroviruses

Question 20

What genome do plants have

Answer 20

+ssRNA no DNA genome

Question 21

Persistent infections

Answer 21

When a virus is not completely cleared from the system but stays in certain tissues or organs of infected person

Question 22

Latent viruses

Answer 22

Cause an acute infection before becoming dormant and are difficult to detect
-ex: chicken pox causes shingles later

Question 23

Chronic infection

Answer 23

When body cannot eliminate the virus, makes a chronic infection after a long period of latency

• affect the immune system
• ex HIV

Question 24

What kind of growth curve do bacteriophage have?

Answer 24

One-step multiplication curve

Question 25

What are rogue forms of the protein Prp

Answer 25

Prions

Question 26

What infectious agents do not have a nucleic acid?

Answer 26

Prions

Question 27

Virulent phages

Answer 27

Lead to the death of the cell through cell lysis

Question 28

Temperate phages

Answer 28

Become part of the host chromosome and are replicated with genome and make progeny viruses