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AP Psychology > Unit 1 Part 2 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

cells that convert light energy to electrical signals

A

photoreceptors

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2
Q

theory that dreams help us sort out the day’s events

A

Consolidation Theory

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3
Q

the lens that focuses the image behind the retina

A

farsightedness

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4
Q

What is the color that pairs with blue?

A

yellow

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5
Q

retinal receptors that are concentrated near the center of the retina

A

Cones

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6
Q

when a person can’t see one color

A

monochromatism

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7
Q

the nerve that carries neural impulses from eye to the brain

A

visual nerve (optic nerve)

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8
Q

What do cones detect?

A

detect color and detail

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9
Q

this produces chemical messages in olfactory system, but without our conscious perception

A

pheromones

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10
Q

the minimum stimulus energy needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time

A

Absolute Threshold

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11
Q

a system of ring-like structures belonging to your vestibular system, the system responsible for your sense of balance and directionality of acceleration forces

A

semicircular canals

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12
Q

this type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to cochlea

A

Conductive Deafness

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13
Q

What wavelength is red?

A

long

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14
Q

when a person can’t see 2 colors (red or green)

A

dichromatism

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15
Q

What do rods detect?

A

shapes and movement

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16
Q

rapid eye movement sleep

A

REM sleep

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17
Q

a process where visual stimuli are focused into the retina by the lens

A

Accomodation

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18
Q

the theory that dreams are the brain’s attempt to synthesize random neural activity

A

Activation Synthesis Theory

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19
Q

sensations of falling asleep or floating

A

Hypnogogic Sensations

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20
Q

theory that one color elicits the feeling of the opposite color

A

Opponent Process Theory

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21
Q

the height of the soundwaves

A

amplitude

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22
Q

the distance from one wave peak to the next

A

wavelength

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23
Q

a sleep disorder In which normal REM paralysis does not occur instead twitching, talking, or even kicking or punching may occur

A

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

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24
Q

our biological clock

A

circadium rthythm

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25
Q

Detecting colors depends on three sets of opposing retinal processes

A

opponent process theory

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26
Q

the minimum between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time

A

Noticeable Difference (difference threshold)

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27
Q

the lens that focuses the image in front of the retina

A

nearsightedness

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28
Q

the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our enviroment

A

Sensation

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29
Q

What is the color that pairs with white?

A

black

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30
Q

a disorder characterized by temporary sensations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

A

Sleep Apnea

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31
Q

your body’s information relay system

A

thalamus

32
Q

average ability to sense different flavors

A

medium tasters

33
Q

this type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or the auditory nerve

A

Sensorinueral Deafness

34
Q

when cones/ganglion cells get fatigued and turn off temporarily, you’re left with the opposite

A

afterimages

35
Q

our sense of smell

A

olfaction

36
Q

when a person can respond to visual stimulus without consciously perceiving it

A

Blindsight

37
Q

a tone’s experienced highness or lowness; depends on frequency

A

pitch

38
Q

What wavelength is blue?

A

short

39
Q

sleeping

A

Somnabulism

40
Q

a theory that groups of neurons of the auditory system respond to a sound by firing action potentials slightly out of phase with one another so that when combined, a greater frequency of sound can be encoded and sent to the brain to be analyzed

A

Volley Theory

41
Q

the process by which our five senses work with and influence each other

A

Sensory Interaction

42
Q

brain can create pain without normal sensory input

A

phantom limb sensation

43
Q

What can a person with nearsightedness see?

A

can only see near object

44
Q

a theory that suggests another explanation that accounts for our ability to hear low-pitched sounds

A

Frequency Theory

45
Q

fatty

A

oleogustus

46
Q

the savory meaty taste

A

umami

47
Q

spinal cord contains neurological “gate”

A

gate control theory

48
Q

balance

A

vestibular sense

49
Q

recurring problems of falling or staying asleep

A

insomnia

50
Q

processes cones, individuals with normal hearing can determine the location of sounds and accurately identify their sources

A

Sound Localization

51
Q

the multilayered tissue lining the back inner surface of the eyeball

A

retina

52
Q

when REM sleep increases after REM deprivation

A

REM rebound

53
Q

incomplete image captured by retina where optic nerve exits, brain fills in the gap

A

blindspot

54
Q

the theory that the retinal contains three different types of color receptors, which can produce the perception of any color

A

Trichromatic Theory

55
Q

What is the color that pairs with red?

A

green

56
Q

most receptors, strongest sensitivity/ability to taste (tend to dislike bitter/spicy the most)

A

supertasters

57
Q

someone who has less taste receptors

A

nontasters

58
Q

diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation

A

Sensory Adaptation

59
Q

specialized neurons located in the retina at the back of the eye

A

ganglion cells

60
Q

Which part of the eye induces transduction?

A

retina

61
Q

when your brain routes sensory information through multiple unrelated senses, causing you to experience more than one sense simultaneously

A

Synesthesia

62
Q

converts outside energy into a form our brain can use (neural messages)

A

transduction

63
Q

What wavelength is green?

A

medium

64
Q

can see and sense faces but cannot recognize it (face blindness)

A

Prosopagnosia

65
Q

sense of taste

A

gustation

66
Q

subjective awareness to ourselves and our enviroment

A

conciousness

67
Q

What can a person with farsightedness see?

A

can only see far objects

68
Q

focuses the light rays into an image on your retina

A

lens

69
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks

A

narcolepsy

70
Q

the retina’s area of central focus

A

Fovea

71
Q

a theory that presumes that we hear different pitches because different sound waves trigger activity at different places along the cohlea’s membrane

A

Place Theory

72
Q

the awareness of the body’s position in space, and of the movements of its various limbs

A

kinesthesis

73
Q

non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep

A

NREM Sleep

74
Q

two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion (not constant amount) for their difference to be perceived

A

Weber’s Law

75
Q

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and grey and are sensitive to movement

A

rods

76
Q

taste buds

A

taste receptors

AP Psychology (7 decks)

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