Unit 1 paper 2 review

Question 1

State how many different types of amino acid there are?

Answer 1

20

Question 2

Which amino acids can become part of a polypeptide when mRNA is translated

Answer 2

Non-essential

Question 3

One cause of denaturation in proteins

Answer 3

Extreme change in PH levels and temp

Question 4

The receptor contains seven alpha helices and one other secondary structure, what is it?

Answer 4

Alpha pleated sheets

Question 5

Are amino acids on the surface of the water likely to be polar or non-polar?

Answer 5

Polar b/c they can interact and are closer to the polar water

Question 6

Compare and contrast structure of starch and cellulose?

Answer 6

Starch:
- Two types
- Amylose = 1-4 alpha linkage
- Amylopectin = Branched 1-6 alpha linkage, 1-4 in branches

Question 7

Once the germinated bean grows above the ground, state the process used by the bean in the production of starch

Answer 7

Photosynthesis

Question 8

Data question: Distinguish between data for the brain and all the other organs and tissues

Answer 8

The brain has the most glucose which makes up most of the brain, barely any glutamine, and some lactate. In general it has the largest proportion than any other organ and one of the only organs to have such a low amount of lactate

Question 9

State functions of lysosomes, golgi apparatus, free ribosomes, plasma membrane, rou/gh endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

Lysosomes - release digestive enzymes that break down food
Golgi apparatus - Modifies proteins and packages them into secretory vesicles
Free ribosomes - Used for protein synthesis
Plasma membrane - Controls what enters and exits cell
Rough ER - Has ribosomes attached for protein synthesis and transport of proteins

Question 10

Cell theory?

Answer 10

1. All living organisms have at least 1 or more cells
2. All cells come from pre existing cells
3. Cells are the simplest unit of life

Question 11

State mode of transport of water moves into cell?

Answer 11

Osmosis

Question 12

State the mode of transport if sodium ions move into the cell?

Answer 12

Active transport

Question 13

Describe facilitated diffusion?

Answer 13

A type of passive transport that requires two proteins : Channel and carrier
- Has gates that open and close for water

Question 14

State the name of the structure formed w/in a cell by endocytosis?

Answer 14

Vesicles

Question 15

Explain how materials are transported between rough endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus?

Answer 15

Rough ER Synthesizes proteins and then are transported by exocytosis into the golgi apparatus so they can be modified and packaged into secretory vesicles