Unit 1 Lecture Flashcards
What is the definition of anatomy?
The study of body structures
What is the definition of physiology?
The study of body functions
Structure without function is considered _____
Empty
Function without structure is considered ______ ______
Without mechanism
What are the five characteristics of living systems?
A) Metabolism B) Responsiveness C) Movement D) Growth and Differentiation E) Reproduction
What is the definition of metabolism? What are the two types?
The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body. The two types are catabolism and anabolism.
What is the definition of catabolism?
The breakdown of large molecules into small ones
What is the definition of anabolism?
The construction of larger molecules from small ones.
What is the definition of responsiveness?
The ability to respond to change in the internal or external environment. Ex. Sensors sense heat on skin, integrators and controllers in the brain notify brain’s hypothalamus, effectors in the integumentary system start to respond by sweating
Discuss movement as a characteristic of living systems.
It occurs at any structural level in the body, an organ, a cell or cell component
Discuss growth and differentiation as characteristic of living systems.
Growth refers to the increase in number or size of cells or the material found between cells. Differentiation refers to the specialization of cells for a specific function.
What is the definition of reproduction as a characteristic of living systems?
Formation of new cells and the formation of new individuals.
What are the levels of structural organization from smallest to most complex?
1) Chemical level 2) Cellular level 3) Tissue level 4) Organ level 5) Organ system level 6) Organismic level
How do we measure metabolism?
Measure amount of produced heat
What is a main function of metabolism?
It produces heat
What is the chemical level of structural organization?
The atomic and molecular level
What is the cellular level of structural organization?
Smallest living unit of the body
What is the tissue level of structural organization?
Groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together on one task
What is the organ level of structural organization?
qGrouping of 2 or more tissue types into a recognizable structure with specific functions
What is the organ system level of structural organization?
Collection of related organs with a common function
What is the organismic level of structural organization?
One living individual
Who coined the term homeostasis?
Famous French physiologist Claude Bernard
What was Claude Bernard’s idea about homeostasis?
The constancy of the internal environment is the condition for a free and independent life.
What are the 5 steps of the scientific method?
1) Observation 2) Hypothesis and Prediction 3) Experimental testing 4) Analysis and conclusion 5) Development of a new hypothesis












































