Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology 201 > Lab 2 Terms and Lesson > Flashcards

Lab 2 Terms and Lesson Flashcards

1
Q

What is the plasma membrane and what is its purpose?

A

A flexible yet sturdy barrier that surrounds and contains the cytoplasm. The membrane contains channels and other proteins to support the movement of molecules across from the extracellular to the intracellular environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the inferior of the cell filled with?

A

Cytoplasm which contains cytosol and organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do cells of the human body differ from the generalized animal cell?

A

Shape, size, number, or type of organelles present.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are striations?

A

They are alternating colored line alone cells and patterns of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is fluid within cells?

A

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is fluid outside of body cells?

A

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ECF that fills narrow spaces between cells of tissues

A

Interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Liquid portion of blood

A

Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

A

Two back to back layers made up of three types of lipid molecules: Phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diffusion

A

Net movement of solutes from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the term for moving down a concentration gradient?

A

Diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of solvent across a selectively permeable membrane in response to differences in solute concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Movement from ____ concentration to ____ concentrations is an example of osmosis

A

high, low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Movement from ____ solute concentrations to ____ solute concentrations is an example of osmosis

A

low, high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What moves in diffusion?

A

Solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What moves in osmosis?

A

Solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the solute/solvent moving through in diffusion?

A

solute moving through space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the solute/solvent moving through in osmosis?

A

solvent moving through a selectively permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tonicity

A

The effect of a solution on cell shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hyperosmotic

A

High concentration ECF, “Hypertonic”, shriveling (cretation) occurs because more fluid is leaving the cell than coming into it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Isomotic

A

Same concentration ECF and ICF, “Isotonic”, cell remains the same shape because fluid is coming in and out of the cell equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hyposmotic

A

Low concentration ECF, “Hypotonic”, cell gets bigger and lyses occurs because more fluid is flowing into the cell than out of it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tissue

A

An aggregation of cells performing a similar function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Histology

A

The study of the microscopic structure of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the four PRIMARY types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Lines cavities (lumens), covers surfaces, forms glands, always has a free surface. It is always found on the outside of our body. It also allows the body to interact with both its internal and external environments

27
Q

Connective tissue

A

Protects and connects other tissues, transport system, primary energy reserve. It is always right under the epithelial

28
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Responsible for movement, produces heat. Helps by contracting and relaxing which causes movement

29
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Generates and detects action potentials (nerve impulses). Sends messages

30
Q

What is the function of simple epithelium?

A

Thin single layer for diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption

31
Q

What is the function of Pseudostratified epithelium?

A

Goblet cells secrete mucous, cilia move mucous and debris out of way

32
Q

What is the function of stratified epithelium?

A

Multiple layers of cells that can slough off to protect underlying tissues

33
Q

What are the characteristics of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Single layer, flat appearance, nucleus is pulled in ovular fashion

34
Q

What does the nervous tissue form?

A

The brain, spinal cord, and nerves

35
Q

What are the two categories of nervous tissue

A

Neurons and neuroglia

36
Q

What do neurons do?

A

Receive and send info. They have one or more processes (dendrites and one axon)

37
Q

What do neuroglia do?

A

Support the neurons and help them to function

38
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

A

Mesothelium (epithelial layer of serous membrane), Alveoli (air sacs of the lungs), glomerular capsules (part of filtration membrane in the kidneys), Endothelium of capillaries

39
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Secretes serous fluid, Diffuse oxygen and CO2 and substances between blood and tissue fluid, filtration of blood to form urine filtrate

40
Q

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

A

Walls of the kidney tubules and glands

41
Q

What are the functions of the simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Absorbs and secretes substances into urine substrate and secretes products made by simple cuboidal epithelium

42
Q

Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?

A

Lining of the stomach and intestines (nonciliated), Urine tubes (ciliates), central canal of spinal cord (ciliated)

43
Q

What are the functions of the simple columnar epithelium?

A

Epithelial cells secrete digestive juices, goblet cells secrete mucus, absorption in small intestine helped by microvilli (helps by increasing SA), cilia move egg to the uterus

44
Q

Where can pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium be found?

A

Lining of nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi

45
Q

What is the purpose of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

Goblet cells secrete mucus, cilia move mucus toward pharynx

46
Q

Where can stratified squamous epithelium be found?

A

Surface of the skin, lining of the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina

47
Q

Where can transition epithelium be found?

A

lining of the urinary bladder, parts of the ureters and urethra

48
Q

What is the purpose of the transitional epithelium?

A

Provides protective barrier that permits distension

49
Q

Key features for simple squamous epithelium

A

The nuclei is pulled in an ovular fashion
Single layer
Flat appearance

50
Q

Key features for simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Single layer
cubed appearance
nuclei generally in line and circular

51
Q

Key features for simple columnar epithelium

A

Single layer
Tall cells
Oval nuclei
**Can be ciliated

52
Q

Key features for pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

A 
Has cilia
Nuclei isn't all in line
Illusion of several layers by disordered nuclei
All cells touch basement membrane
Cells are different shapes and heights
53
Q

Key features for stratified squamous epithelium

A

Multiple layers

flat appearance

54
Q

Key features for transitional epithelium

A 
Changing shapes (from cuboidal to squamous)
Multiple cell layers of each
55
Q

Where is skeletal muscle tissue found?

A

Attached to bones and skin

56
Q

What is the function of skeletal muscle tissue?

A

Movement of bones and skin, heat generation

57
Q

Where is cardiac muscle tissue found?

A

Wall of the heart

58
Q

What is the function of cardiac muscle tissue?

A

movement of blood through the cardiovascular system

59
Q

Where is the smooth muscle tissue found?

A

walls of arteries and veins
walls of ureters, bladder, and urethra
intrinsic eye muscles

60
Q

What is the purpose of smooth muscle tissue?

A

Controls blood flow and blood pressure by contractions and relaxations
Movement of urine
Contract and relax pupil size

61
Q

Key features of skeletal muscle tissue

A

Striated
Multinucleated
cylindrical cells
Voluntary and involuntary control

62
Q

Key features of cardiac muscle tissue

A 
Striated
1-2 nuclei
Cell branching
intercalated disks
Involuntary control
63
Q

Key features for smooth muscle tissue

A

1 nucleus
Cell spindle shapes
involuntary control

Physiology 201 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions