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Physiology 201 > Lab 1 Terms and Lesson > Flashcards

Lab 1 Terms and Lesson Flashcards

1
Q

Axial

A

Pertaining to the central part of the body, the head, and the trunk

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2
Q

Cephalic

A

Pertaining to the head

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3
Q

Cranial

A

Pertaining to the portion of the skull surrounding the brain

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4
Q

Facial

A

Pertaining to the face

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5
Q

Frontal

A

Pertaining to the forehead

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6
Q

Orbital

A

Pertaining to the Eye

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7
Q

Octic

A

Pertaining to the Ear

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8
Q

Nasal

A

Pertaining to the nose

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9
Q

Buccal

A

Pertaining to the cheek

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10
Q

Oral

A

Pertaining to the mouth

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11
Q

Mental

A

Pertaining to the chin

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12
Q

Occipital

A

Pertaining to the back of the head

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13
Q

Cervical

A

Pertaining to the neck

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14
Q

Thoracic

A

Pertaining to the chest

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15
Q

Sternal

A

Pertaining to the breast bone

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16
Q

Pectoral

A

Pertaining to the chest

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17
Q

Mammary

A

Pertaining to the breast

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18
Q

Abdominal

A

Pertaining to the abdomen

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19
Q

Umbilical

A

Pertaining to the navel

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20
Q

Coxal

A

Pertaining to the hip

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21
Q

Pelvic

A

Pertaining to the pelvis

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22
Q

Pubic

A

Pertaining to the genital area

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23
Q

Dorsal

A

Pertaining to the back

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24
Q

Scapular

A

Pertaining to the shoulder blade region

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25
Q

Vertebral

A

Pertaining to the spinal column

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26
Q

Lumbar

A

Pertaining to the area of the back between the lowest rib and buttock

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27
Q

Appendicular

A

Pertaining to the extremities or limbs

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28
Q

Acromial

A

Pertaining to the highest point of the shoulder

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29
Q

Axillary

A

Pertaining to the armpit

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30
Q

Brachial

A

Pertaining to the arm

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31
Q

Antecubital

A

Pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow

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32
Q

Olecranal

A

Pertaining tot he posterior surface of the elbow

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33
Q

Antebrachial

A

Pertaining to the forearm

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34
Q

Carpal

A

Pertaining to the wrist

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35
Q

Manual

A

Pertaining to the hand

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36
Q

Palmar

A

Pertaining to the palm of the hand

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37
Q

Digital

A

Pertaining to the digits (fingers or toes)

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38
Q

Inguinal

A

Pertaining to the groin where the thigh attaches to the pelvis

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39
Q

Gluteal

A

Pertaining to the buttocks

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40
Q

Femoral

A

Pertaining to the thigh

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41
Q

Patellar

A

Pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee

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42
Q

Popliteal

A

Pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee

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43
Q

Crural

A

Pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg

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44
Q

Fibular or Peroneal

A

Pertaining to the lateral side of the leg

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45
Q

Sural

A

Pertaining to the posterior surface of the leg

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46
Q

Tarsal

A

Pertaining to the ankle

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47
Q

Pedal

A

Pertaining to the foot

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48
Q

Plantar

A

Pertaining to the sole of the foot

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49
Q

Calcaneal

A

Pertaining to the heel

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50
Q

What does the head consist of?

A

Consists of the skull and the face

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51
Q

Skull bones

A

Cranial and facial bones

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52
Q

Where is the face and what does it contain?

A

Anterior portion of the head comprised of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and chin

53
Q

What does the neck connect?

A

Connects the head to the trunk

54
Q

What does the trunk consist of?

A

Consists of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and the back.

55
Q

Where is the chest and what does it contain?

A

Area between neck and diaphragm that contains the heart and the lungs

56
Q

Where is the abdomen and what does it contain?

A

Area between the chest and hip bones that contains digestive organs

57
Q

Where is the pelvis and what does it contain?

A

Area below abdomen that contains internal reproductive organs and urinary bladder

58
Q

Where is the back?

A

Posterior portion of trunk between neck and buttocks

59
Q

What does the upper limb consist of?

A

It consists of the Shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand

60
Q

Where is the shoulder?

A

It is the curved area where arm attaches to upper border of trunk

61
Q

Where is the arm?

A

Area between shoulder and elbow

62
Q

Where is the forearm?

A

Area between elbow and wrist

63
Q

What does the hand consist of?

A

Contains the wrist, palm, and fingers

64
Q

What does the lower limb consist of?

A

Consists of the buttocks, groin, thigh, leg, and foot

65
Q

Where is the buttocks?

A

Rounded area on posterior surface where thigh attaches to the trunk

66
Q

Where is the groin?

A

Area on anterior surface where lower limb attaches tot he pelvis

67
Q

Where is the leg?

A

Area of lower limb between knee and ankle

68
Q

What does the foot include?

A

Includes ankle, sole, and toes

69
Q

Superior

A

Above

70
Q

Inferior

A

Below

71
Q

Anterior (Ventral)

A

Closer to the front of the body

72
Q

Posterior (Dorsal)

A

Closer to the back of the body

73
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline of the body

74
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from midline of body

75
Q

Intermediate

A

Between two structures

76
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body

77
Q

Contralateral

A

On opposite sides of the body

78
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to point of attachment of limb to trunk

79
Q

Distal

A

Farther from point of attachment of limb to trunk

80
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to surface of body

81
Q

Deep

A

Farther from surface of body

82
Q

The head is BLANK to the neck

A

Superior

83
Q

The neck is BLANK to the head

A

Inferior

84
Q

The lips are BLANK to the teeth

A

Anterior

85
Q

The teeth are BLANK to the lips

A

Posterior

86
Q

The nose is BLANK to the eyes

A

Medial

87
Q

The eyes are BLANK to the nose

A

Lateral

88
Q

The elbow is BLANK between the shoulder and the wrist

A

Intermediate

89
Q

The right arm and right leg are BLANK

A

Ipsilateral

90
Q

The right arm and left arm are BLANK

A

Contralateral

91
Q

The elbow is BLANK to the wrist

A

Proximal

92
Q

The wrist is BLANK to the elbow

A

Distal

93
Q

The skin is BLANK to the muscles

A

Superficial

94
Q

The muscles are BLANK to the skin

A

Deep

95
Q

The exposed surfaces produced by planes are called BLANK

A

Sections

96
Q

BLANK pass vertically through the body or organs and divide them into right and left sections

A

Sagittal planes/Sagittal sections

97
Q

Midsagittal Planes

A

Planes passes vertically through the midline and divides the body or organs into equal right and left halves

98
Q

Parasagittal Planes

A

Plane divides the body into unequal vertical right and left portions

99
Q

Frontal or coronal plane

A

Passes vertically through the body or organs and produces anterior and posterior sections (frontal sections)

100
Q

Transverse plane

A

Passes horizontally through the body and produces superior and inferior sections (transverse sections or cross-sections)

101
Q

Oblique planes

A

Pass through the body at an angle forming oblique sections

102
Q

Longitudinal sections

A

Sections that are produced by a plane running along the long axis of a long narrow structure

103
Q

Cross-Sections

A

Sections that are produced by a plane running perpendicular to the long axis

104
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Cardiovascular system?

A

Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, gases, and wastes in bloods. Major organs: Heart and blood vessels.

105
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Respiratory system?

A

Adds oxygen to blood and removes carbon dioxide from blood. Major organs: nose, pharynx (throat), larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

106
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Digestive system?

A

Breaks down food into units that can be absorbed into the body, eliminates wastes and non-digestible fiber in food. Major organs: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.

107
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Urinary system?

A

Removes nitrogenous wastes; maintains body fluid volume, pH, and electrolyte levels through urine production. Major organs: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

108
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Integumentary system?

A

Provides a protective barrier for the body and aids in production of vitamin D; contains sensory receptors for pain, touch, and temperature thermoregulation. Major organs: skin and skin structures (hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands)

109
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Lymphatic and Immune system?

A

Returns fluid to cardiovascular system; detects and eliminates disease-causing organisms. Major organs: lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and tonsils.

110
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Skeletal system?

A

Protects major organs; provides levers and supports for body movement. Major organs: bones and cartilage

111
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Nervous system?

A

Controls cell function with electrical signals; helps control body homeostasis. Major organs: brain, spinal cord, nerves.

112
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Endocrine system?

A

Controls cell function with hormones; helps control body homeostasis. Major Organs: hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thymus, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes.

113
Q

What are the functions and major organs in the Reproductive system?

A

Produces gametes; female uterus provides environment for development of fetus. Major organs in male: testes, ductus deferens, penis. Major organs in females: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina.

114
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

The space enclosed by the ribs, sternum, and vertebral column. Contains three small cavities: the pericardial cavity, and two pleural cavities.

115
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Around the heart

116
Q

Pleural cavities

A

Side of the ribs

117
Q

Mediastinum

A

Central area within the thoracic cavity, extends from the neck to the diaphragm and from the sternum to the vertebral column.

118
Q

Diaphragm

A

Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

119
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Consists of two continuous cavities: the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

120
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

The superior portion located between the diaphragm and the brim of the pelvis (hip bones).

121
Q

Peritoneal Cavity

A

In the abdominal cavity which contains the pancreas, kidneys, adrenal glands, and portions of the large intestines, small intestine, aorta, and inferior vena cava.

122
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. Contains part of the large intestine, rectum, urinary bladder, female reproductive organs (ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina) and male reproductive organs (prostate, and part of ductus defrens). Testes and penis located inferior to pelvic cavity not in it.

123
Q

Serous membrane

A

composed of two layers: a visceral and a parietal layer

124
Q

What does the Visceral layer do?

A

covers the organ

125
Q

What does the Parietal layer do?

A

attaches to and covers the ventral body wall

126
Q

What does the serous fluid do?

A

Prevents friction as organs move within the ventral body cavity

127
Q

What serous membranes are included in the thoracic region

A

pleura (which covers the lungs), pericardium (which covers the heart)

128
Q

Which serous membrane is in the peritoneal cavity

A

The serous membrane that covers abdominal organs in the peritoneal cavity is the peritoneum.

Physiology 201 (15 decks)

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