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Unionism Flashcards

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1
Q

why were Unionists opposed to the potential dismemberment of the Union?

A

Reasons regarding :-economic
-religious
-political

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2
Q

what majority existed in the six north-eastern counties?

A

a protestant majority

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3
Q

what majority made up the rest of the island?

A

catholic majority

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4
Q

what did Catholics want to achieve?

A

Home Rule for Ireland

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5
Q

why was Home Rule met with such resistance?

A

Protestants believed the country would be ruled by the Catholic Church

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6
Q

Unionist opposition to HR quote (Rome)

A

“Home Rule is Rome Rule”

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7
Q

what did protestants fear?

A

feared that the Catholic majority would not respect their traditions, customs + religious beliefs

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8
Q

what religious group had enjoyed a privileged position in Irish politics before the Act of Union?

A

Protestants

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9
Q

why did the political power of the protestant ascendancy weaken?

A

Catholic emancipation

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10
Q

what did Catholic emancipation allow Catholics to do?

A

to sit as members of parliament

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11
Q

what did protestants believe would happen if Home Rule was introduced?

A

their political influence would be further undermined

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12
Q

what part of the country was Ireland’s only industrial area?

A

the North

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13
Q

what did Unionist believe a Home Rule government would do?

A

it would interfere with free trade that existed between Britain and Ireland

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14
Q

what would the interference on the free trade do?

A

it would damage the North’s economy

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15
Q

why would a Dublin Parliament not understand the North’s industries?

A

as they held very little in common with the majority of Ireland’s economy

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16
Q

who introduced the 3rd Home Rule Bill?

A

Herbert Asquith

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17
Q

what did the 3rd HR Bill state?

A
  • Ireland would have a parliament to deal with internal affairs (transport, housing etc.)

-Westminster would take care of external affairs (law-making etc.)

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18
Q

what happened to the 3rd HR bill?

A

it was vetoed by the House of Lords

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19
Q

What did the Parliament Act 1911 seek to do?

A

to limit the power of the House of Lords

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20
Q

How did the Parliament Act 1911 limit the power of the House of Lords?

A

by replacing the veto from being an outright rejection to a two year delay

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21
Q

what did the Parliament Act 1911 mean?

A

the 3rd HR Bill would eventually be introduced in 1914

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22
Q

what did the 3rd HR Bill being introduced in 1914 lead to?

A

-mass uproar amongst Unionists
-the formation of a number of groups to resist HR

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23
Q

How did unionist illustrate their rejection of HR

A

through the mass signing of the Solemn League and Covenant

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24
Q

who launched the Solemn league and Covenant?

A

Edward Carson

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25
Q

What did the Solemn League and Covenant state?

A

that those who signed it had pledged their allegiance to resisting HR

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26
Q

Where did Carson and Craig gain support from, and why?

A

the six counties -due to their high concentration of Unionists

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27
Q

Who signed the Solemn league and Covenant?

A

men

28
Q

was there a seperate declaration for women?

A

yes, who pledged to “assosciate ourselves with the men of Ulster”

29
Q

what did the mass signing of the Ulster Solemn League and Covenant demonstrate?

A

the large resistance to HR in Ulster

30
Q

what was the name of the paramilitary group formed to resist HR

A

The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF)

31
Q

who were the Ulster Volunteer Force?

A

a paramilitary group who were willing to take military action against the threat of HR

32
Q

What did the UVF receive?

A

formal military training

33
Q

who trained the UVF?

A

ex-British soldiers and officers

34
Q

What did the UVF’s military training illustrate?

A

the seriousness and dedication of the group to counteract HR

35
Q

What did the British Government fear the UVF might do?

A

to try and seize weapons from Army depots in the north

36
Q

What was Arthur Paget ordered to prepare?

A

to prepare three battalions of British troops from the South into Ulster

37
Q

What did 58 officers believe they were being ordered to do?

A

to enforce HR in Ulster by crushing Unionist resistance

38
Q

How did the officers react?

A

they refused to obey orders and resigned

39
Q

why did the officers resign?

A

as the majority of them were protestant and from Ulster

40
Q

what did the Solemn League and Covenant set out?

A

why unionists opposed HR

41
Q

what did the Solemn League and Covenant threaten?

A

that if HR was forced upon the people of Ulster, they would resist it by any means

42
Q

how many people sign the Solemn League and Covenant?

A

471,414

43
Q

by 1912, what was likelier than ever in Ireland?

A

the prospect of self governance in the Republic of Ireland

44
Q

what made Home Rule inevitable?

A

the third home rule bill being passed and the removal of the House of Lords veto

45
Q

Who rose to power within the Unionist party to prevent Home Rule?

A

Edward Carson

46
Q

what was Carsons primary objective of his political career?

A

preserving the union between Ulster and Great Britain

47
Q

when did Carson secure the leadership of the Unionist party?

A

in 1910

48
Q

what did Carson immediately seek to do as leader of the party?

A

find ways to resist Home Rule

49
Q

who did Carson allied himself with?

A

James Craig

50
Q

what did Craig advise Carson to do?

A

to focus the party’s resources on preserving the link between Ulster and Britain, even if it meant partition

51
Q

what did Carsons stance do?

A

it alienated southern Unionists

52
Q

what tested Carson’s leadership?

A

the introduction of the third home rule bill

53
Q

when was the third home rule bill introduced?

A

1912

54
Q

what did the controversial nature of the third HRB cause?

A

riots between Catholics and Protestants in Belfast during voting

55
Q

could Carson prevent the third HRB from passing through the House of Commons?

A

No

56
Q

was the solemn league and covenant a political success or failure for Carson?

A

yes, as it attracted over 470,000 signatories

57
Q

what did the founding of the UVF increase the chances of?

A

civil war

58
Q

what did the onset of WW1 do?

A

it reduced the political focus on HR

59
Q

what could Carson temporarily do as a result of WW1?

A

allowed him to temporarily reduce his focus on preventing the implementation of self governance

60
Q

what did Carson ask his men to do following the outbreak of WW1?

A

asked them to join the British Army

61
Q

why did Carson ask his men to join the British Army?

A

he believed it would be an effective way to legitimise the UVF and their activities

62
Q

did Carson’s men join the army?

A

yes

63
Q

what was the name of the division that many UVF men were a part of?

A

the 36th Ulster Division

64
Q

what cemented a broad public sympathy which was felt in Britain towards the UVF?

A

many of the UVF members died in combat during the Battle of the Somme

65
Q

was Carson asking his men to join the British Army a political success or failure?

A

success

History (16 decks)

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