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History > The GAA, Anglo Irish Literacy Revival > Flashcards

The GAA, Anglo Irish Literacy Revival Flashcards

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1
Q

following an extended period of British occupation, what had Irish culture faced the effects of?

A

anglicisation

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2
Q

by the late 1800, what had reduced significantly?

A

the number of Irish language speakers

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3
Q

what had diminished by the late 1800s?

A

the prevalence and popularity of Irish art

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4
Q

what did the GAA experience?

A

a period of decline

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5
Q

what was the reduced engagement with Irish culture partly caused by?

A

-the ‘Great Potato Famine’ of the 1840s
-the subsequent ‘Irish Diaspora’

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6
Q

what did the British Government attempt to do at the expense of Irish heritage?

A

encourage British culture

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7
Q

what did several nationalist figures within Irish politics at the time speak of?

A

Douglas Hyde spoke of “the necessity for de-Anglicising Ireland” in order to maintain the nations “cultural sovereignty”

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8
Q

what began the revitalisation of Irish culture?

A

nationalist organisations such as the GAA, Gaelic league and Anglo Irish Literary Revival

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9
Q

During the 1880s, what were less popular than British competitors like football, cricket or rugby?

A

Irish sports such as Gaelic Football and hurling

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10
Q

what was the primary reason for the British games being more popular?

A

they were better organised

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11
Q

what did the British games have that their Irish counterparts did not?

A

They had clear, standardised rules set by governing bodies

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12
Q

what did the Gaelic games not have?

A

no unified ruleset

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13
Q

what were Gaelic games not permitted to do?

A

Gaelic football and hurling games weren’t permitted to be held on Sundays

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14
Q

why were Gaelic football and hurling games not permitted to be held on Sundays?

A

as this was seen as sacreligious

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15
Q

what did Gaelic games being banned on Sundays mean?

A

farmers, who traditionally worked from Monday to Saturday, had no opportunity to play these sports

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16
Q

why was farmers not being allowed to play Gaelic games on sundays significant?

A

the majority of Irish workers were in the agriculture sector, this massively reduced the potential playing pool

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17
Q

when did British sports clubs host their matches?

A

on Sundays

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18
Q

how did the Archbishop of Croke refer to the Gaelic Games as?

A

“not only dead and buried, but in several localities…entirely forgotten and unknown”

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19
Q

who was unsatisfied with the decline of the Irish games?

A

Michael Cusack

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20
Q

who did Michael Cusack decide to partner with?

A

famous Irish sportsman, Maurice Davin

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21
Q

how did Davin and Cusack set about reforming Irish sports in 1884?

A

by establishing a central governing bod

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22
Q

what did both Davin and cusack believe the Irish people should do?

A

“take the management of their games into their own hands” and “remove with one sweep everything foreign and iniquitous in the present system”

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23
Q

Cusack and Davin established the Gaelic Association of Ireland to do what:

A

to ensure the “preservation and cultivation of our national pastimes”

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24
Q

what did the GAA do?

A

it centralised the rulesets for both Gaelic football and hurling in 1885, providing clarity within matches

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25
Q

what did the GAA allow?

A

allowed matches to be held on Sundays

26
Q

what did the GAA allowing matches to be held on Sundays remove?

A

the previous barrier to entry for agricultural workers

27
Q

what did this cultural revival of Irish games culminate into?

A

the establishment of the first ‘All Ireland Championships’, which was hosted in 1888

28
Q

why was the cultural significance of the GAA was immediately apparent?

A

as “it spread like a prairie fire” in terms of popularity

29
Q

noticing the growing support for the GAA, what did influential groups such as the IPP and IRB do?

A

they pledged their support to the organisation

30
Q

who became patrons of the GAA?

A

Charles Stewart Parnell and Michael Davitt both became patrons

31
Q

what did Parnell and Davitt both do as patrons of the GAA?

A

donating significant sums of money to facilitate the growth of the GAA

32
Q

who began to infiltrate the GAA?

A

IRB members

33
Q

who was the vice president of the GAA?

A

an active IRB member

34
Q

who was invited to become patron?

A

John O leary (IRB member)

35
Q

how did the IRB see the GAA?

A

they saw it as a potential recruiting ground for soldiers ahead of a future rebellion

36
Q

what did the IRB elements of the organisation seek to do?

A

they sought to remove any British influence from the organisation

37
Q

how did the IRB elements of the GAA seek to remove any British influence?

A

through controversially banning anyone who engaged with “foreign games” and members of the RIC from joining the GAA

38
Q

what did the banning of anyone who engaged with “foreign games” and members of the RIC from joining the GAA signify?

A

These measures signified that the GAA was now significant in the political sphere in addition to the cultural on

39
Q

during the 1890s, what would the GAA undergo?

A

“decade of decline”

40
Q

what was the “decade of decline” experienced by the GAA as a result of?

A

attempts by the leadership to reduce political influence

41
Q

what were Davin and Croke opposed to?

A

the discriminatory policies pursued by the IRB faction

42
Q

what did Davin and Croke do as a result of their opposition to the discriminatory policies pursued by the IRB faction

A

they removed all IRB affiliated members from the board

43
Q

what did the aftermath of the Parnell affair do?

A

divided opinions within the GAA

44
Q

who opposed the promiscuity of Parnell?

A

catholic members

45
Q

who remained loyal to Parnell?

A

nationalists

46
Q

how would the GAA rebound during the 1900s?

A

by purchasing Croke Park and increasing links with the Gaelic League

47
Q

what else had been facing a significant reduction in popularity?

A

the Irish language

48
Q

In the 100 years since 1770, the proportion of monolingual Irish speakers had reduced from —– to —–?

A

50% to 1%

49
Q

why was there a reduction in Irish speakers?

A

-the Gaeltacht regions in the West of Ireland were also the areas which were most affected by ‘the Famine’ in the 1840s
-parents were no longer teaching Irish to their children

50
Q

why were parents no longer teaching their kids irish?

A

because they believed that fluency in English would provide their children with the best opportunity of obtaining wealth and having a successful career, as the majority of high paying jobs required fluency in English

51
Q

what did the Great famine mean for Irish speakers?

A

they either emigrated or starved

52
Q

the significant reduction in Irish speakers was perceived by nationalists as what?

A

an indicator of a decline in Irish culture

53
Q

who wished to revive the Irish language?

A

Douglas Hyde

54
Q

Douglas Hyde believed that in:

A

“Anglicising ourselves wholesale we have thrown away with a light heart the best claim which we have upon the world’s recognition of us as a separate nationality

55
Q

what did Hyde establish?

A

the Gaelic League

56
Q

when did Hyde establish the Gaelic league?

A

1892

57
Q

what was Hydes mission?

A

to “keep the Irish language spoken in Ireland”

58
Q

what attempts did the League make to achieve Hydes aim?

A

-the sponsoring of travelling teachers, known as Timrí, who encouraged literacy in Gaeltacht areas
-standardised system of Irish spelling and gramma introduced

59
Q

what attempts did the League make to achieve Hydes aim?

A

-the sponsoring of travelling teachers, known as Timrí, who encouraged literacy in Gaeltacht areas
-standardised system of Irish spelling and gramma introduced
- introduction of Feiseanna and Ceilidhe

60
Q

was the Gaelic League successful in reviving Irish to its pre-famine levels?

A

no

61
Q

what did the Gaelic leagues attempts to document Irish allow the language to do?

A

to survive and remain a core part of Irish culture

History (16 decks)

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