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History > Characteristics Of Nazi Germany > Flashcards

Characteristics Of Nazi Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

what did Hitler establish across all German states?

A

control of police forces

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2
Q

why was Hitler establishing control of police forces across all German states important?

A

as they would be used as instruments of state repression

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3
Q

what did the Nazi party do to the police force?

A

-removed any anti-Nazi police leaders
- reorganises police forces
-reoriented police culture towards Nazism

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4
Q

what happened to the police forces in Nazi Germany?

A

they were centralised under the control of the SS leader Henrich Himmler

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5
Q

who was the leader of the SS?

A

Henrich Himmler

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6
Q

what was the name of Hitlers secret police?

A

the Gestapo

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7
Q

what was the aim of the Gestapo?

A

to keep a close eye on “enemies of state” (communists, socialists and Jews)

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8
Q

what did any criticism of Nazi regime usually result in?

A

being arrested and imprisoned without trial

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9
Q

what were arrests made by the Gestapo usually followed by?

A

torture and detention in concentration camps

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10
Q

when were concentration camps first set up?

A

1933

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11
Q

who ran the Concentration camps?

A

the SS

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12
Q

what was the initial purpose of the Concentration camps?

A

to house political prisoners

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13
Q

what was the name of the first Concentration camp?

A

Dachau

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14
Q

how many concentration camps were established throughout Hitler’s reign?

A

up to 1000

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15
Q

what were the conditions in the camps like?

A

extremely tough

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16
Q

what was everyday features of camp life?

A

violence and state sponsored torture

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17
Q

how many prisoners was there in the camps in Summer of 1933?

A

100,000

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18
Q

how many people were registered in concentration camps in total?

A

1.65 million

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19
Q

how many died in concentration camps?

A

1 million

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20
Q

what was the Night of the Long Knives?

A

when Hitler took action against large proportions of his own supporters in the SA

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21
Q

what group was disliked in Germany in 1934?

A

the SA

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22
Q

why were the SA disliked?

A

due to unacceptable behaviour carried out by thugs within the group

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23
Q

who was the leader of the SA?

A

Ernest Rohm

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24
Q

who was Ernest Rohm?

A

a loyal follower of Hitler from the beginning and had a quite a close relationship with ‘Der Fuhrer’

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25
Q

what did Ernest Rohms close relationship with hitler cause?

A

other Nazi party members to be jealous

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26
Q

what type of culture does Hitler establish?

A

competitive culture of trying to rise to the top of the Nazi party

27
Q

what did the other member of the party do as a result of this jealousy?

A

they plotted against Rohm

28
Q

what did the other member of the party convince hitler of?

A

that Rohm was planning a putsch of the party

29
Q

what actions did Hitler take after being convinced about Rohm?

A

units of the SS arrested and executed leaders of the SA including Rohm

30
Q

what did the Nazis use the ‘Night of the Long Knives’ as an opportunity to do?

A

to wipe out other political enemies

31
Q

Historian Ian Kershaw estimates how many high ranking members of the SA were purged?

A

around 200

32
Q

what was the impact of the ‘Night of the long knives’ have on the SA?

A

-weakened the group
- put Heinrich Himmler in a far more important position within the nazi party power structure

33
Q

why did Hitler become extremely popular?

A

due to the economic prosperity he and the Nazi party introduced

34
Q

who was the Minister for Economics?

A

Hjalmar Schacht

35
Q

by 1932, unemployment had reached what?

A

6 million

36
Q

how was the unemployment rate reduced?

A

-public work schemes
-programme of rearmament
-expansion of army

37
Q

how many jobs were created as a result of rearmament?

A

up to 4 million

38
Q

how many served in the German army over the course of WW2?

A

13 million

39
Q

although average wages did not meet pre 1929 levels, how did most workers feel?

A

felt indebted to Hitler for ending the economic hardship experienced over the interwar period

40
Q

what did the role of women revolve around?

A

motherhood and the home

41
Q

what was the nazi propaganda based around (role of women)?

A

women’s duty was to support her husband and raise children

42
Q

what did propaganda encourage women to have?

A

have large families and to quit their jobs

43
Q

what was given to mothers who had 4 or more children?

A

‘The mother’s cross’

44
Q

what were women often given to encourage them to stop working?

A

financial incentives

45
Q

what were women expected to do? (clothing/fashion)

A

copy traditional german peasant fashion (plain clothes, flat shoes and have their hair in plaits or buns

46
Q

what were women discouraged from doing?

A

staying slim or dieting

47
Q

why were women discouraged from staying slim or dieting?

A

because tt was thought thin women had trouble. giving birth

48
Q

who was appointed Reich Minister for Public Enlightenment?

A

Jospeh Goebbels

49
Q

Goebbels was the:

A

“evil genius of the 20th century”

50
Q

what was the aims of Nazi propaganda?

A

-promote sense of community among German people (Volksgemeinschaft)
-encourage German nationalism
-promote Hitler’s cult of personality
-inspire pride in the Aryan Race and hatred of Jews
-Maintain public morale

51
Q

what did Goebbels identify as the most important tool for supporting Nazi propaganda campaign?

A

the control of the mass media

52
Q

how did Goebbels refer to the radio as?

A

“the most modern instrument for influencing the masses”

53
Q

what was the Reich Radio Chamber?

A

it meant that everyone working in radio had to be a member of the organisation that gave Goebbels full control

54
Q

what controlled all radio stations?

A

the Reich Radio Company

55
Q

what did Goebbels provide to radio stations in order to stay in complete control?

A

news bulletins

56
Q

what did Goebbels understand about radio programmes?

A

that not all of them could be made up of Nazi propaganda

57
Q

what was the cheap radio called?

A

the Volksempfanger

58
Q

what is regarded as one of the most successful pieces of Nazi propaganda?

A

the 1936 Olympics

59
Q

how many seats were in the stadium built in Berlin?

A

110,000

60
Q

who was comisioned to produce a documentary about the olympics?

A

Leni Riefenstahl

61
Q

what is considered to be the greatest sporting documentary of all time?

A

‘olympia’

62
Q

what did foreign visitors leave the games in Germany with?

A

a positive impression of the country and the Nazi regime

63
Q

in the lead up to the Olympics, what had the Nazis done?

A

suspended their Anti-Jewish campaign in the press and removed anti-jew signs and slogans in the streets

History (16 decks)

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