Mussolini Flashcards

1
Q

What were the characteristics of his rule?

A

-propaganda
-The corporate state
-indoctrination
-economic policies

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2
Q

What was propaganda use to do?

A

To create a ‘cult of personality’

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3
Q

What did he focus his reign on achieving?

A

Gaining total control over the lives of the Italian people (Totalitarianism)

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4
Q

What affect did Mussolini have on the media?

A

-There was strict censorship
-expected to praise his successes and not report any failures

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5
Q

“Mussolini….

A

“Mussolini was always right”

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6
Q

How was his cult of personality constructed?

A

It was constructed as if he was the perfect statesmen

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7
Q

Mussolini was a….

A

“Man of destiny” that works timelessly for his country

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8
Q

How was Mussolini portrayed to be a hard working leader?

A

Lights were left on at night time in his office

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9
Q

How did Churchill describe Mussolini’s

A

He described him as a “Roman Genius” and “the greatest law giver among living men”

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10
Q

How was propaganda utilised to humanise “ill Duce”

A

Carefully selected photos and pictures placed all over the country

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11
Q

Why was the corporate state introduced?

A

To promote cooperation between employees and workers

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12
Q

How we’re workers organised?

A

They were organised into corporations
~expected to work together to solve disputes and issues

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13
Q

What was banned under the corporate state?

A

Strikes and lockouts

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14
Q

How did the fascist party compensate workers for their lack of freedom?

A

They introduced: free Sundays, annual paid holidays, cheap tours/holidays

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15
Q

What was indoctrination?

A

It was a policy used to gain control over the youth of Italy

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16
Q

What were Italian boys expected to grow into?

A

Italian soldiers to fight for the “glory of Italy”

17
Q

What’s were girls expected to do?

A

To become good mothers and support their nation by bearing many children to build the population of a great nation needed

18
Q

How was indoctrination used in schools?

A

-portraits of Mussolini hung in every classroom
-teachers forced to swear an oath of loyalty
-children chanted fascist slogans “believe, obey, fight”

19
Q

How were history books re written?

A

-Focused more on Italian history
-exaggerated Mussolini’s rise to becoming leader

20
Q

What did Mussolini want to achieve economically?

A

Wanted Italy to become self sufficient in agriculture (reduce dependence to import wheat)

21
Q

What was the battle for grain?

A

When grain imports fell and wheat became more expensive

22
Q

What did the ‘battle for grain’ lead to?

A

The price of bread rising (affected the poorest members of Italian society)

23
Q

What did Mussolini do with the Lira (currency)?

A

Insisted on keeping its value strong against other currencies

24
Q

What did he believe keeping the currency strong would demonstrate?

A

The type of great power he was claiming Italy to be

25
Q

What did keeping the value of the lira strong do?

A

Made Italian exports more expensive (less people bought them=rise in unemployment )

26
Q

How did Mussolini counteract unemployment?

A

Established public works schemes (draining of Pontaine Marshes, development of hydroelectricity plants, building of the autostrada)