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History > Church State Relations- Germany > Flashcards

Church State Relations- Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

what percentage of the German population were protestant in the 1930s?

A

66%

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2
Q

what was in decline in Germany?

A

church attendance

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3
Q

what were most people still loyal to in Germany?

A

their religion

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4
Q

what were the Christian church suspicious of?

A

Liberal policies on individual freedoms of the Weimar Republic

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5
Q

were the Catholic Church willing to work with the Nazis?

A

yes

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6
Q

what did the Church share with the Nazis?

A

anti-communist views

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7
Q

what did the church in Germany fear?

A

communism

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8
Q

what did Hitler understand?

A

the importance of religion

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9
Q

what did hitler want to do by working with the Church?

A

he wanted to remove their influence over: education, the youth and politics

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10
Q

what did the Church in Germany have great influence over?

A

education, politics and youth

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11
Q

what did the Nazis want to create (religion)?

A

one unified protestant church

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12
Q

why did the Nazis want to create one unified protestant church?

A

it would be easier to control

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13
Q

what were regional churches replaced by?

A

a single church known as “Reichskirche”

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14
Q

what was the name of the Nazi church?

A

‘Reichskirche’

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15
Q

what was the german christian movement?

A

a movement which combined christianity, racism and anti-semitism

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16
Q

what did the german christian movement want to do?

A

they wanted to remove the ‘Jewish’ Old Testament from the Bible

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17
Q

who was the head of the ‘Reicchskirche’?

A

Bishop Ludwig Muller

18
Q

who was Bishop Ludwig Muller?

A

the head of the ‘Reichskirche’

19
Q

what did Bishop Ludwig Muller do as head of the ‘Reichskirche’? (3 things)

A

-removed Jewish pastors
-allowed Gestapo to monitor the contents of sermons
-ordered protestant youth groups to join Hitler Youth

20
Q

how did the Nazis view the Catholic Church?

A

they viewed the international nature of it as suspicious

21
Q

what did the Catholic Church display?

A

a willingness to work with the Nazis

22
Q

what was the name of the agreement signed by the Nazis and the Church?

A

the 1933 Concordat

23
Q

what was the concordat 1933?

A

an agreement between the Catholic Church and the Nazis

24
Q

what did the concordat guarantee?

A

it guaranteed freedom of worship, protection of organisations and catholic education in Nazi State

25
Q

what did the Church agree to abstain from interfering in German society?

A

politics

26
Q

was the concordat of 1933 agreement maintained by the Nazis?

A

no

27
Q

how did the Nazis break the concordat? (4 details)

A

-the Gestapo persecuted members of Catholic organisations (seized Jesuit property)
-Catholic youth groups banned
- intimidation to stop attending catholic schools
-propaganda campaign against the church (accusations of homosexuality + financial corruption)

28
Q

how did the Church react to the Nazis breaking the agreement?

A

they did not challenge

29
Q

examples of Anti-semitism:

A

-boycotted Jewish businesses
-law for the restoration of the professional service (civil service)
-restrictions on Jews working in medicine/legal professions
-banned Jewish actors from performing
-banned from cinemas, theatres and sporting. events
-offensive slogans painted on walls
-1935 Nuremburg Laws (Jews classed as 2nd class citizens)

30
Q

what did the 1935 Nuremburg Laws mean for Jews?

A

they were officially classed as 2nd class citizens

31
Q

when did Kristallnacht occur?

A

November 9th 1938

32
Q

what was Kristallnacht?

A

a violent attack on the Jewish community organised by the Nazis

33
Q

what was Kristallnacht in response to?

A

the murder of a German diplomat Ernest vom Rath

34
Q

who was Ernest Rohm killed by?

A

a Jewish student who was frustrated at his family being deported

35
Q

why was the Jewish student frustrated?

A

his family was deported by the Nazis

36
Q

what happened during Kristallnacht?

A

synagogues and Jewish businesses were burned and attacked

37
Q

who carried out the attacks?

A

the SA,SS and Hitler Youth

38
Q

what happened to Jews during Kristallnacht?

A

they were murdered, arrested, attacked, sent to concentration camps

39
Q

who was fined by the Nazis for the murder of Ernest Rohm?

A

the Jewish community

40
Q

how much was the jewish community fined?

A

1 billion marks

41
Q

what did Kristallnacht cause?

A

the rate of emigration and suicide accelerated amongst the Jewish community

42
Q

what was the Nazis Anti-Semitism policy?

A
  1. exclusion from German life
  2. escalation of violent persecution (Kristallnacht)
  3. mass destruction of Jews in Europe (final solution/Holocaust)

History (16 decks)

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