UE LE Anatomy Flashcards
Contents of Axilla 3
Axillary vein Axillary artery Brachial Plexus
Rotator Cuff Muscles and innervation
Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus Suprascapular n
Teres Minor Axillary n
Subscapularis Upper subscapular n
Quadrangle space borders and contents 2
above Teres Minor below Teres Major medial Long Head of Triceps Brachii lateral Surgical neck of humerus contents axillary n and Posterior circumflex humeral vessels
Anterior Compartment Muscles of Arm and NS 3 BBC
Coracobrachialis flexes Brachialis main flexor and Biceps brachii main suppinator NS Musculocutaneous n C5 C6 C7
Posterior Compartment Muscles of Arm and NS
Triceps Brachii main extensor radial n
Flexor Muscles of forearm not innervated by Median n
FCU FDP Ulnar n
Flexor Muscles of forearm
Palmaris longus Pronator teres Pronator quadratus plus anything starting with F for flexor FCU FDS FPL FDP FDS
Extensor Muscles of forearm located in posterios compartment
Annconeus,Supinator, Abductor palmaris longus, Brachioradialis, plus whatever else starts with E for Extensor
Muscle in posterior compartment of foremarm that is a flexor
Brachioradialis
Innervation of posterior compartment of arm and forearm
Radial n
Cubital fossa borders and contents
Borders lat Brachioradialis
med Pronator Teres
upper Line Connecting Epicondyles of Humerus
floor Brachialis and Supinator
Contents lateral to medial
Radial n, Biceps Brachii tendon, Brachial a, Median n
Brachial Plexus Roots
LONG THORACIC N C5 C6 C7 to Serratus Anterior DORSAL SCAPULAR C5 to Rhomboids
Brachial Plexus Upper Trunk
Suprascapular C5 C6 to Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus
Brachial Plexus Lateral Cord
Musculatenous n to Ant Compartment Muscles Arm BBC C5 C6 C7
Brachial Plexus Medial Cord
Ulnar C8 to T1 intrinsic muscles of hand FDP FCU
Brachial Plexus Posterior Cord
Axillary C5 C6 to Deltoid and Teres Minor Radial n C5 to T1
Median nerve source C8 to T1
Lateral cord plus Medial cord
Anatomical Snuffbox and contents
Lateral tendons EPB and ABD PL
Medial tendon EPL
Floor Scaphoid and Trapezium
Contents
- Can palpate Radial a
- Styloid of radius
- 1st metacarpal bone base
Anterior Thigh Muscles Q TIPS
Quadriceps femoris 4 : Rectus femoris, VASTUS lateralis/medialis /intermedius
Tensor fascia lata Iliopsoas Pectineus Sartorius
Anterior Thigh Muscles Innrervation
Femoral n
Quadriceps Femoris Muscles
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Medial Thigh Muscles 4 plus innervation
Obturator n
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Posterior Thigh Muscles and NS
Sciatic n
Hamstring Muscles 5: Semitendinosus Semi membranous Biceps femoris short and long head Adductor Magnus
Femoral Triangle Boundaries and contents
SUPERIOR Inguinal ligament
MEDIALLY Adductor longus
LATERALLY Sartorius
FLOOR Adductor longus Pectineus Iliopsoas
CONTENTS Femoral nerve and Femoral Sheath
Contents of Femoral Sheath
lateral to medial Artery Vein Lymph nodes
Note that femoral nerve outside sheath NAVEL lateral to medial
Extensors of thigh 2
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS Inf gluteal n HAMSTRING MUSCLES sciatic n
Common Flexor tendor of arm
Golfers elbow Medial Epicondyle THINK FLEXORS OF FOREARM
Common Extensor tendor of arm
Tennis elbow Lateral Epicondyle THINK EXTENSORS OF FOREARM
Origin of Sartorius
ASIS
Origin of Rectus Femoris
AIIS
Common Insertion of Iliacus and Psoas
Lesser trochanter of Femur
Common Insertion of Quadriceps femoris
Patellar Tendon
Common Insertion of Adductor Ms
Linea Aspera of Femur
Insertion of Hamstring Adductor
Tubercle of Femur
Common origin of Hamstring Ms except Biceps Femoris
Ischial tuberosity
Common insertion of Gluteal Ms
Greater trochanter of femur except gluteus maximus GLUTEAL TUBEROSITY and quadratus femoris QUADRATE TUBERCLE
Humerus Surgical neck Fx
Axillary n and Posterior Circumflex a
Humerus Spiral or Midshaft Fx
Radial n and Profunda Brachii a
Humerus Supracondylar Fx
Median n Shortened arm from contracture of Triceps and Brachialis
Humerus Medial Epicondyle Fx
Ulnar n
Abduction of Thigh
Gluteus medius and minimus SUPERIOR GLUTEAL N
Medial rotation of thigh
Gluteus medius and minimus SUPERIOR GLUTEAL N
Lateral rotation of thigh
Gluteus maximus INFERIOR GLUTEAL N
Adduction of thigh
Medial compartment of thigh
Extension of thigh
Posterior compartmetn of thigh and Gluteus Maximus also laterally rotates
Lumbar plexus
ventral rami of L1 to L4 formed within Psoas major muscle
Genitofemoral n
L1 L2 emerges ANTERIOR of Psoas Genital branch via inguinal canal to Cremasteric Internal oblique Femoral branch to skin on thigh
Femoral n
L1 L2 L3 LARGEST BRANCH emerges from lateral border of Psoas to Ant thigh ms and skin antero medial
Obturator nerve
L1 L2 L3 emerges from MEDIAL border of Psoas to MEDIALthigh ms and skin
Sacral Plexus
In front of Piriformis muscle from ANTERIOR RAMI L4 L5 S1 to S4
Ilioinguinal nerve
L1 from lateral border Psoas ms to skin of groin and scrotum or labia majora via inguinal canal
Sciatic nerve
L4 to S3 L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 LARGEST nerve in the body
Branches of Sacral Plexus
Sciatic n
Superior and Inferior Gluteal n
Pudendal n S2 S3 S4
injured IM injection at lower medial quadrant of gluteus maximus
Sciatic n
Injured posterior dislocation of femur
Sciatic n
Major BS to Femoral head
Medial femoral circumflex a
MC site of femoral Fx
neck of femur which may cause avascular necrosis of femoral head
injury to thigh with Thigh MEDIALLY rotated
Dislocation of HEAD of Femur
injury to thigh with Thigh LATERALLY rotated
Fracture of NECK of femur
Anterior Leg Muscles
Tibialis anterior Peroneus tertius and whatever starts with E for extensor EDL EHL EDB
Anterior leg muscle
innervation and action
Deep peroneal n
DROPsiflexion walk on heels and EXTENSION
Lateral leg muscles action and innervation
Peroneus longus and brevis
EVERTION and plantar flexion
superficial peroneal n
Posterior leg muscles
Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus Popliteus Tibialis posterior FDL FHL
Posterior leg muscles
action and innervation
PLANTAR FLEXION and FLEXION
Tibial nerve
Triceps Surae
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Sole muscle not innervated by lateral plantar nerve from tibial n
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Flexor hallucis brevis
1st lumbrical
Foot eversion vs Foot inversion
Peroneus muscle EVERT & PLANTAR FLEX
Tibialis INVERT & PLANTAR FLEX
Footdrop
loss of dorsiflexion DEEP PERONEAL
loss of eversion SUPERFICIAL PERONEAL
Knee SYNOVIAL HINGE JOINT
Between femur and tibia
Knee SYNOVIAL GLIDING JOINT
Between patella and femur
Extends knee
Quadriceps femoris
Triad of O Donoghue MAM
MCL ACL Medial Meniscus
Structures passing the medial malleolus TOM DICK AND VERY NERVOUS HARRY
superior to inferior 1posterior Tibial 2flexor Digitorum 3Artery 4Vein 5 Nerve 6flexor Hallucis
Nerve in the lateral malleolus
Sural n
Lateral ligaments of the foot are weaker than medial ligaments of foot.
Most commonly injured lateral ligament of the foot?
Anterior talofibular ligament
Due to inversion and internals rotation of the foot combined with ankle plantar flexion resulting in forward displacement of talus.
Order of frequency of ligament tear
anterior talofibular > calcaneofibular > posterior talofibular
Sprain 1st degree, 2nd degree and 3rd degree
1st degree sprain: partial or complete tear of anterior talofibular
ligament.
2nd degree sprain: both anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular
ligament are partially or completely torn.
3rd degree sprain: all 3 are partially or completely torn- anterior
talofibular, calcaneofibular and
posterior talofibular ligament,
Anterior hip dislocation vs Posterior hip dislocation
Anterior hip dislocation: Obturator L2-4
Posterior hip dislocation: Superior Gluteal (L4-S1) or
Inferior Gluteal (L5-S2)
Pelvic injury injures nerve?
Femoral nerve (L2-4)
Knee trauma
Tibial nerve (L4-S3)
Source: sciatic nerve (L4-S3) , posterior thigh splits in common peroneal and tibial nerves .
Trauma or compression of lateral aspect of leg
Or
Fibula neck fracture
Common peroneal (L4-S2)
