U3 KA3 Crop Protection Flashcards
What is the impact of weeds, pests, and diseases on crop plants?
Weeds compete with crop plants, and pests and diseases damage crop plants, crop yeild.
What are the properties of annual weeds?
Annual weeds have rapid growth, a short life cycle, high seed output, and long-term seed viability.
What are the properties of perennial weeds with competitive adaptations?
Perennial weeds have storage organs and can reproduce vegetatively.
What types of animals are most pests of crop plants?
Most pests of crop plants are invertebrates, such as insects, nematode worms, and mollusks.
What organisms can cause plant diseases?
Plant diseases can be caused by fungi, bacteria, or viruses, which are often carried by invertebrates.
What are cultural methods for controlling weeds, pests, and diseases?
Cultural methods involve changing farming practices, such as crop rotation, ploughing and weeding.
What are the advantages of selective or systemic pesticides?
Selective pesticides target specific species. Systemic pesticides are absorbed and travel through the vascular system and spread throughout the plant.
What are the problems with pesticides?
Problems include toxicity to non-target species, persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation or biomagnification, and the production of resistant pest populations.
What is biological control in pest management?
Biological control uses natural predators, parasites, or pathogens to control pests.
What is integrated pest management (IPM)?
The use of 2 or more pest control methods.
What are the risks with biological control?
Risks include the introduction of non-native species that could become invasive or disrupt local ecosystems. Or could target a non-target species.
what is bioaccumulation?
the build up of a chemical in an organism.
what is bio magnification?
the increase in concentration of a chemical across trophic levels.
