U1 KA2 Replication Of DNA Flashcards
What enzyme is responsible for adding DNA nucleotides during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase uses complementary base pairing to add nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
What is the role of primers in DNA replication?
Primers provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesis
Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that are complementary to the target DNA.
What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?
Ligase joins together fragments of DNA on the lagging strand
This is particularly important for connecting Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
What technique amplifies DNA using complementary primers for specific target sequences?
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
PCR is widely used in molecular biology to amplify small segments of DNA.
What are the repeated cycles involved in PCR?
Heating and cooling cycles
These cycles facilitate the denaturation, annealing, and extension phases of DNA amplification.
Fill in the blank: _______ amplifies DNA using complementary primers for specific target sequences.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
PCR is a crucial tool in genetic analysis and research.
True or False: DNA polymerase can initiate DNA synthesis without primers and justify you’re answer?
False Primers are needed as DNA polymerase can ONLY replicate from the 3’ end of a primer or new strand
DNA polymerase requires a primer to provide a free 3’ hydroxyl group.
What is the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication?
It ensures accurate addition of nucleotides to the new DNA strand
Complementary base pairing follows the rules of A-T and C-G pairing.
In PCR, what happens when heated to 95
Separates the strands of DNA
This process separates the double-stranded DNA into single strands.
In PCR, what happens when cooled to 65
Allows primers to bind to target sequences of DNA
This is essential for initiating the synthesis of new DNA strands.
In PCR, what happens when heated to 75
Heat tolerant DNA polymerase replicates the target sequences
What does PCR do?
amplifies DNA
