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2020 > U10 > Flashcards

U10 Flashcards

1
Q

criteria for ASD

A
  • persistant deficits in communication and interaction across multiple contexts (verbal and nonverbal)
  • restricted repetitive patterns of activity (timing, special interests, etc)
  • symptoms present in early developmental periods
  • symptoms cause significant impairment
  • not due to intellectual disability or general delay
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2
Q

issues with the criteria for ASD

A
  • very deficit/disturbance oriented
  • no room for autistic joy (pathologies things autistic people like)
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3
Q

prevalence and avg age of onset (ASD)

A
  • more male then female (potential under diagnosis in females)
  • onset at 2yrs
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4
Q

strengths of autism

A
  • above avg intelligence
  • better memory of details
  • strong visual and auditory learners
  • exell in special interests
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5
Q

western expectations of social interactions aren’t ________

A

universal

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6
Q

social camouflage hypothesis

A

females w ASD may develop social skills that allow them to blend in to society

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7
Q

associated features of ASD

A
  • self injurious behaviours
  • sleep disturbance
  • gastrointestinal symptoms
  • epilepsy
  • Comorbidity w mental health concerns
  • cognitive abilities
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8
Q

dr. Bettelheim theory

A

refrigerator mothers (cold) cause there child autism

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9
Q

BIPOC kids are more often diagnosed w _____ rather then ASD

A

ADHD

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10
Q

factors that contribute to ASD

A

genetic and environmental factors
- parental age
- environmental toxins
- compromised fetal or neonatal development
- abnormalities in brain development

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11
Q

2 categories of symptoms of ADHD

A
  • inattention
  • hyperactivity/impulsivity
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12
Q

diagnostic criteria for ADHD

A

need either one or both inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity
- 6+ symptoms
- 6 months
- symptoms present before age 12
- present in 2 settings
- functional impairment
- not something else

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13
Q

ADHD- IA

A

6+ inattentive symptoms

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14
Q

ADHD-HY

A

6+ hyperactive/impulsive

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15
Q

ADHD-C

A

both

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16
Q

ADHD is more prevalent in ____ and is comorbid w _________

A

boys
disruptive behaviour disorders

17
Q

causes of ADHD

A

highly genetic
inhibition of DAT1 (dopamine)
prenatal smoking, stress, alcohol

18
Q

associated features of ADHD

A
  • subtle brain differences in those w ADHD that can be reduced by meds
  • volume of brain is slightly smaller
  • sleep problems
  • negative responses by others create low self esteem
19
Q

treatment for ADHD

A
  • stimulants (improves motor response, response inhibition, compliance, - short-term )
  • goal setting and reinforcement
20
Q

diagnostic criteria for specific learning disorder

A
  • academic functioning below expected level
  • below average academic achievement in at least 1 area
  • difficulties related to a psychological process
  • average IQ
  • affects acquisition, organization, and understanding (verbal and nonverbal)
21
Q

sex ratio in specific learning disorder

A

even

22
Q

causes of specific learning disorder

A
  • genetics
  • subtle brain damage
  • environmental factors (expectations and support)
23
Q

specific learning disorders are often related to later development of ________

A

other mental health issues

24
Q

treatment of specific learning disorders

A

educational intervention
- remediate directly underlying basic process of problems
- improve cognitive skills
- improve behavioural skills

25
Q

intellectual disability diagnostic criteria

A

significantly sub average intellectual functioning
concurrent deficits in adaptive functioning
deficits are evident before age 18

26
Q

what does adaptive funtioning encompass

A

conceptual, social and practical functioning

27
Q

intellectual disability typically runs a _______ course w and equal ________ ratio

A

chronic
sex

28
Q

causes of intellectual disability

A
  • abuse
  • neglect
  • prenatal exposure to substances
  • issues w labour (lack of oxygen in delivery)
  • post natal head injury and infection
29
Q

Down syndrome

A
  • trisomy 21
  • can be detected prenatally through amniocentesis
  • past 40 show signs of dementia
30
Q

fragile X syndrome

A

intellectual disability w chromosomal cause

31
Q

treatment of intellectual disabilities

A

behavioural focus similar to ASD (focus on building adaptive functioning skills)
additional support
communication training (argumentative strategies)

32
Q

amniocentesis

A

prenatal screening that detects abnormalities in developing fetus
involves removal and analysis of amniotic fluid from the mother.

33
Q

childhood disintegrative disorder

A

persistent regression in language, adaptive behaviour and motor skills after 2 - 4 year period of normal development

34
Q

chorionic villus sampling

A

genetic test during early pregnancy that samples cells found in placenta to assess possible genetic/chromosomal problems in fetus

35
Q

copy number variants

A

base pairs added or deleted as a result of mutation (may play a role in development of ceertiann disorders like ADHD)

36
Q

_____ attention is often absent in ppl with ASD

A

joint

37
Q

Vocal characteristics such as tone and stress; people with autism spectrum disorder often have trouble recognizing and interpreting these vocal cues

A

prosody

2020 (13 decks)

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