types of soil Flashcards

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1
Q

clay soil

A

less than 0.002 mm
poor aeration
good water retention
poor drainage
high mineral ion content
difficult to dig and plough’
difficult for roots to penetrate

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2
Q

sandy soils

A

0.02 - 2.0 mm
good aeration
poor water retention
good drainage
low mineral ion content
easy to dig and plough
easy for roots to penetrate

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3
Q

chalky soils

A

formed from calcareous rock
contain a lot of lime making them alkaline
many wild flowers thrive on it

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4
Q

peaty soils

A

contains an excess of peat formed from organic matter which has only partially decayed due to lack of oxygen
acidic

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5
Q

loams

A

50 sand
30 clay
12 humus
8 lime

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6
Q

how to improve clayey soils

A

add lime humus and sand
reduces acidity improves crumb structure aeration drainage and workability

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7
Q

how to improve sandy soils

A

add humus
minerals and improves water holding capacity
add mulching
minerals and retain moisture

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8
Q

how to improve chalky soils

A

addition of humus

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9
Q

how to improve peaty soils

A

addition of lime

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