classification Flashcards

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1
Q

list three reasons for classification

A

1) to help identify organisms
2) to better understand their relationships and connections
3) to understand organism evolution

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2
Q

define classification

A

process of arranging organisms into groups based on similar characteristics

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3
Q

define artificial classification

A

involves grouping organisms based on observable physical characteristics only

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4
Q

what is a dichotomous key

A

often used in diagrams dividing organisms into 2 groups at a time usually until each organism has been identified
only used characteristics u can see/measure

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5
Q

define taxonomy

A

study of classifying
naming describing classifying of organisms

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6
Q

what classification system is commonly used

A

Linnean classification

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7
Q

list the 8 levels of the linnean classification system

A

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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8
Q

define prokaryotes (5)

A

organisms possessing genetic material not bound by a membrane within cell
single cell/unicellular
does not have nucleus
contains bacteria kingdom
before nucleus

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9
Q

define eukaryotes

A

organisms possessing genetic material bound by double membrane
multicellular
have nucleus
contains animal plant fungi protist kingdoms
true nucleus

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10
Q

what does “kary” mean

A

means nucleus of a cell

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11
Q

list 5 kingdoms

A

bacteria, animal, fungi, plants, protists

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12
Q

why do viruses not belong to any kingdom

A

have no ability to carry out grimner on their own
needs an organism and cannot survive in a test tube on their own

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13
Q

define chordates

A

phylum of the animal kingdom
commonly known as vertebrates
include all animals with a backbone
divided into 5 classes

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14
Q

what are the five classes of chordates

A

animals birds reptiles amphibians fish

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15
Q

what is the scientific name for warm blooded

A

homeothermic

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16
Q

what is the scientific name for cold blooded

A

poikilothermic

17
Q

fish (4)

A

cold blooded
gills
scales and fins
lay eggs or live birth in water

18
Q

amphibians (4)

A

cold blooded
gills and lungs
thin moist skin
lay jelly like eggs in water

19
Q

reptiles (4)

A

cold blooded
lungs
scales
lay feathery eggs in land/live birth

20
Q

bird (4)

A

warm blooded
lungs
feathers
lay hard eggs on land

21
Q

mammals (4)

A

warm blooded
lungs
hair
live birth and feed young milk

22
Q

classification of human

A

kingdom - animals (organisms able to move on their own)
phylum - chordates (animals with a backbone)
class - mammals (chordates with fur and animal glands
order - primates (mammals with collar bones and grasping fingers)
family - hominins (primates with relatively flat faces and 3d vision)
genus - homo (hominins with upright posture and large brains)
species - homo sapiens (members of the genus homo with a Hight forehead and thin skull bones)

23
Q

define arthropods (4)

A

invertebrates
have an exoskeleton (waterproof outer covering)
animals with several pairs of jointed legs
segmented bodies

24
Q

list the 5 classes of arthropods

A

insects, chilopods, diplopods, crustacea, arachnids

25
Q

insects (6)

A

3 body segments - head body thorax
3 pairs of jointed legs
1 pair of antennae
usually 2 pairs of wings (sometimes vestigial)
breathe through tracheae
butterfly, ant, grasshopper

26
Q

arachnid (4)

A

head and thorax fused to form cephalothorax
4 pairs of jointed legs
breathe through gills called book lungs
spiders scorpions ticks mites

27
Q

chilopods (4)

A

many body segments (14-20)
1 pair of jointed legs per segment
front segment has large pair of poison claws
centipedes
(carnivores)

28
Q

diplopod (3)

A

many body segments (50)
2 pairs of jointed legs per segment
millipedes (detritovores)

29
Q

crustacea (3)

A

more than 4 pairs of jointed legs
breathe through gills ‘woodlice lobsters shrimp crabs

30
Q

define binomial nomenclature

A

each organism given a scientific name made up of the genus and species