types of nutrition

Question 1

define nutrition

Answer 1

refers to obtaining substances necessary for growth development and metabolism into the body

Question 2

define autotrophic

Answer 2

auto means feeding – organism feeds itself and does not rely on other organisms
use simple inorganic substances to form food – co2 h2o and minerals

Question 3

what does autotrophic nutrition involve

Answer 3

building up process synthesis of simple inorganic substances to give complex organic substances
process photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

Question 4

examples of autotrophic

Answer 4

green plants and some bacteria

Question 5

define heterotrophic

Answer 5

hetero means other – trophic means feeding
organism feeds on other substances made by other organisms
use complex organic substances as food

Question 6

what is the process of heterotrophs

Answer 6

break down complex organic substances to simple inorganic substances
- process digestion

Question 7

examples of heterotrophic

Answer 7

animals fungi and most bacteria

Question 8

what are the three types of heterotrophic

Answer 8

holozoic
saprophytic
parasitic

Question 9

define holozoic

Answer 9

most animals
ingestion digestion
digestion occurs inside body of heterotroph
predators get food from prey – humans eat plants and animals

Question 10

define saprotrophic

Answer 10

fungi and most bacteria
digestion and absorption
digestion occurs outside body of heterotroph
obtain food from dead and decaying organisms

Question 11

define parasitic

Answer 11

some plants animals and fungi and bacteria
absorption using suckers roots
absorption of simple soluble food materials
obtain from body of another living organism – host
host is harmed
endoparasites
ectoparasites

Question 12

define saprotroph

Answer 12

organism that obtain its food from dead and decaying matter
secretes enzymes onto organic matter to digest it
thus digestion is outside of the organism
soluble products of digestion are absorbed and assimilated within body

Question 13

what do saprotrophic bacteria and fungi constitute

Answer 13

decomposers and are essential in bringing about decay and recycling of nutrients

Question 14

define parasite

Answer 14

organism which lives and feeds on or inside another organism which is the host
parasite gains while host is harmed

Question 15

define ectoparasites

Answer 15

parasites which live on outer surface of hosts
ticks lice fleas leeches feed on blood of hosts as dogs humans cattle fish

Question 16

define endoparasites

Answer 16

parasites which live within host
protozoan plasmodium causes malaria
enters human bloodstream through bite of infected anopheles mosquito
when it enters multiplies and causes fever pain shivering and sweating