Types of experiment Flashcards
What is an experiment?
There has to be a cause and effect relationship studied, and at least two levels of the independant variable present.
What is an artificial setting?
when researchers create a setting by themselfes.
what is a controlled environment?
An environment where extraneous variables can be controlled
what is a laboratory experiment?
An expeirment where the independant variable is manipulated in an artificial and controlled environment.
what are the prost of laboratory experiments?
since the experiment is in a well controlled and artificial environment, we have more control over extranous variables, which means the experiment has high internal validity., and easier to esablish a cause and effect relationship
what are the cons of laboratory experiments?
due to the artificial setting, the experiment might not generalise to the real life, thus lacking ecological validity.
what is a field experiment?
When a researcher manipulates an IV, in an everyday life setting.
Setting has not been artificially created by researcher.
What are the advantages of a field experiment?
high ecological validity, because participants are more likely to behave how they would behave in real life, due to the everyday life setting.
what are the cons of field experiments?
since experiment is not in a well controlled environment, it lacks control over extraneous variables, which means low internal validity, and harder to establish a cause and effect relationship.
What is a Quasi experiment?
When the independant variable, cant be manipulated, or randomly alocated to groups, because its a personal characteristic of the participants
clarifier: eye coulour, gender, height, etc.
what are the prso of Quasi experiments?
it is the onl way to study the effect of the independant varible, that is a fixed personal characteristic of the participants.
what are the cons of Quasi expeirments?
Unlike inlaboratory and field experiments, you cant control participant variables by using random allocation, which means you might have participant variables that can affect the experiment, thus leading to low internal validity, and harder to establish a cause and effect relationship.
what is a natural experiment?
when the independant variable is an event, which has already happened to participants, and so it can be manipulated or randomly allocate dby the researcher.
What are the pros of natural experiments?
It enables researchers to study independant variables, which would be impractical or unethical to investigate in a laboratory or field experiment.
what are the cons of natural experiments?
due to the fact that participants cant be randomly allocated, the experiment might suffer of participant variables, which could affect the results of the study. This means the study will lack internal validity, and it will be harder to establish a cause and effect relationship.
