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Advanced Sommelier > Tuscany > Flashcards

Tuscany Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What are the primary red grape varieties of Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese, Canaiolo, Colorino, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah.

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2
Q

What are the primary white grape varieties of Tuscany?

A

Vernaccia, Trebbiano, Malvasia, Vermentino.

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3
Q

What is Tuscany’s climate?

A

Mediterranean with significant diurnal temperature variation in inland areas.

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4
Q

What is the primary soil type in Chianti Classico?

A

Galestro (crumbly marl) and alberese (limestone).

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5
Q

What are the five main rivers in Tuscany?

A

Arno, Ombrone, Orcia, Serchio, and Elsa.

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6
Q

What is the origin of the term ‘Super Tuscan’?

A

Refers to high-quality Tuscan wines made outside DOC/G rules, often with international grape varieties.

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7
Q

What are the three main DOCGs for Sangiovese?

A

Chianti Classico, Brunello di Montalcino, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano.

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8
Q

What is the significance of the ‘Gallo Nero’ (Black Rooster)?

A

It is the symbol of the Chianti Classico Wine Consortium.

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9
Q

What is Governo all’Uso Toscano?

A

A traditional winemaking technique involving the addition of partially dried grapes during fermentation.

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10
Q

What is Vin Santo, and how is it made?

A

A sweet, oxidative wine made from dried Trebbiano and Malvasia grapes, aged in small barrels.

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11
Q

What are the aging requirements for Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

Standard: 12 months; Riserva: 24 months; Gran Selezione: 30 months.

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12
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese required in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

80%.

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13
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti DOCG?

A

Classico, Colli Fiorentini, Colli Senesi, Colline Pisane, Montalbano, Montespertoli, Rùfina.

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14
Q

What distinguishes Chianti Rùfina?

A

Cooler climate and higher elevation, producing more aromatic and structured wines.

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15
Q

What is the maximum percentage of white grapes allowed in Chianti DOCG?

A

10% (though white grapes are not allowed in Chianti Classico).

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16
Q

What is the elevation range for Chianti Classico vineyards?

A

250-600 meters above sea level.

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17
Q

What distinguishes Gran Selezione in Chianti Classico?

A

Higher quality standards, must come from estate-owned vineyards, and requires longer aging.

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18
Q

What is the role of Canaiolo in Chianti blends?

A

Adds softness and floral notes.

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19
Q

What is the primary soil type in Chianti Rùfina?

A

Marl and clay.

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20
Q

What is the largest subzone of Chianti DOCG?

A

Colli Senesi.

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21
Q

Who is a notable traditional producer in Chianti Classico?

A

Castello di Volpaia.

22
Q

Who is a notable modern producer in Chianti Classico?

A

Fontodi.

23
Q

What is the alcohol minimum for Chianti Classico Gran Selezione?

A

13%.

24
Q

What is the primary distinction between Chianti Classico and broader Chianti DOCG?

A

Chianti Classico has stricter production rules and must come from the historical Classico zone.

25
Q

What is Vin Ruspo, and where is it made?

A

A rosé wine made in Carmignano DOCG.

26
Q

What grape is used exclusively in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Sangiovese (locally called Brunello).

27
Q

What are the aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Standard: 5 years (2 years in oak, 4 months in bottle); Riserva: 6 years.

28
Q

What is the primary soil type in Montalcino?

A

Galestro, clay, and sandy soils.

29
Q

What distinguishes Rosso di Montalcino DOC?

A

A younger, fresher version of Brunello made from 100% Sangiovese.

30
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

12.5%.

31
Q

What is a notable producer of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Biondi-Santi.

32
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese required in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

70%.

33
Q

What is the aging requirement for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Standard: 2 years; Riserva: 3 years.

34
Q

What is the primary blending partner in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Canaiolo.

35
Q

What is the primary soil type in Montepulciano?

A

Sandy clay and limestone.

36
Q

What is the difference between Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Brunello must be 100% Sangiovese and has stricter aging requirements.

37
Q

What is the significance of the Sant’Antimo DOC?

A

Allows for the production of non-traditional varietals in Montalcino.

38
Q

Who is a benchmark producer of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Avignonesi.

39
Q

What is Rosso di Montepulciano DOC?

A

A younger, lighter red made in the same area as Vino Nobile di Montepulciano.

40
Q

What is the typical style of wines from Brunello compared to Chianti Classico?

A

Brunello wines are fuller-bodied, richer, and more tannic.

41
Q

What was the first recognized Super Tuscan?

A

Sassicaia.

42
Q

What is the primary grape of Sassicaia?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon.

43
Q

What is the primary grape of Tignanello?

A

Sangiovese (blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc).

44
Q

What is the primary grape of Ornellaia?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon (with Merlot and Cabernet Franc).

45
Q

What is Bolgheri DOC known for?

A

Bordeaux-style red blends and high-quality Super Tuscans.

46
Q

What distinguishes Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC from Bolgheri DOC?

A

Sassicaia has its own DOC, focused exclusively on the wine of Tenuta San Guido.

47
Q

What style of wine is produced in Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG?

A

Dry white wines from Vernaccia grapes.

48
Q

What is Carmignano DOCG known for?

A

Sangiovese-based wines blended with Cabernet Sauvignon or Cabernet Franc.

49
Q

What is Morellino di Scansano DOCG?

A

Sangiovese-based wines produced in the Maremma.

50
Q

What is the primary style of wine in Val di Cornia DOCG?

A

Rich reds made from Sangiovese and Bordeaux varietals.

Advanced Sommelier (9 decks)

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