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Advanced Sommelier > Asia & Africa > Flashcards

Asia & Africa Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest wine-producing country in Africa outside of South Africa?

A

Algeria.

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2
Q

What is the primary style of wine produced in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia)?

A

Bulk wines and fortified wines, with some premium production in Morocco.

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3
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in North Africa?

A

Cinsault.

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4
Q

What is the climate of most North African wine regions?

A

Mediterranean, with warm days and cooling maritime influences.

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5
Q

What is a notable wine-producing region in Morocco?

A

Meknès, known for both red and white wines.

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6
Q

What is the significance of the Atlas Mountains in North African viticulture?

A

Provides elevation and cooler conditions for grape growing.

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7
Q

What is the role of French influence in North African winemaking?

A

French settlers established vineyards during colonial rule, influencing styles and varieties.

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8
Q

What is the main grape variety used in Moroccan rosé wines?

A

Grenache.

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9
Q

What is the primary export market for North African wines?

A

France and other parts of Europe.

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10
Q

What is the most common red grape variety in Asia?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, especially in China and India.

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11
Q

What is the most prominent wine-producing company in Morocco?

A

Les Celliers de Meknès.

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12
Q

What is the primary white grape variety of Morocco?

A

Clairette Blanche.

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13
Q

Describe red wines from Meknès.

A

Structured and spicy, often blends of Syrah, Grenache, and Cabernet Sauvignon.

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14
Q

What is the primary style of fortified wines in Morocco?

A

Vin doux naturels, made from Muscat.

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15
Q

What is the role of the Atlantic Ocean in Moroccan wine production?

A

Provides cooling breezes that moderate the warm climate.

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16
Q

What is the historical significance of Algerian wine?

A

Algeria was a major supplier of bulk wine to France in the 19th and 20th centuries.

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17
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Algeria?

A

Carignan.

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18
Q

What is the primary style of wine produced in Algeria?

A

Bulk red wine with high alcohol, often blended with French wines.

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19
Q

What is the primary grape variety of Tunisian rosé?

A

Cinsault.

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20
Q

What is the role of the Gulf of Tunis in Tunisian viticulture?

A

Provides a maritime influence that moderates the hot Mediterranean climate.

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21
Q

What is the primary wine-producing region in Kenya?

A

Rift Valley.

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22
Q

What is the primary grape variety grown in Kenya?

A

Chenin Blanc.

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23
Q

What challenges do Kenyan vineyards face?

A

Tropical diseases, high humidity, and uneven ripening.

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24
Q

What is the role of altitude in Kenyan viticulture?

A

High-altitude vineyards (1,500–2,000 meters) mitigate the tropical climate.

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25
Q

What is a notable wine producer in Kenya?

A

Leleshwa Wines.

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26
Q

What is the primary wine-producing company in Ethiopia?

A

Castel Winery.

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27
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Ethiopia?

A

Syrah.

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28
Q

What distinguishes Ethiopian wines compared to other African wines?

A

High-altitude vineyards contribute to fresh acidity and balanced ripeness.

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29
Q

What is the role of international investment in Ethiopian wine production?

A

Companies like Castel Group have modernized vineyards and winemaking.

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30
Q

What is the primary climate challenge for wine production in East Africa?

A

Excessive rainfall during the growing season.

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31
Q

What is the largest wine-producing region in China?

A

Ningxia.

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32
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in China?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon.

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33
Q

What is the significance of the Helan Mountain range in Ningxia?

A

Provides a rain shadow effect, creating ideal conditions for grape growing.

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34
Q

What is the primary style of wines from Ningxia?

A

Full-bodied reds with ripe fruit and balanced tannins, primarily from Cabernet Sauvignon.

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35
Q

What is a notable producer in Ningxia?

A

Silver Heights.

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36
Q

What is the role of burying vines in Chinese vineyards?

A

Protects vines from winter freezes in northern regions.

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37
Q

What distinguishes Chardonnay from Ningxia compared to Burgundy?

A

Ningxia Chardonnay is fruitier with tropical notes, while Burgundy Chardonnay has more minerality.

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38
Q

What is the significance of the China Wine & Spirit Awards (CWSA)?

A

The largest wine competition in China, highlighting domestic and international wines.

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39
Q

What is the primary soil type in Ningxia?

A

Sandy and rocky soils with good drainage.

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40
Q

What is the typical alcohol range for red wines from Ningxia?

A

13–14.5%.

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41
Q

What is the largest wine-producing region in India?

A

Nashik, in Maharashtra.

42
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in India?

A

Chenin Blanc.

43
Q

What is the role of altitude in Indian viticulture?

A

High-altitude vineyards (600–1,000 meters) help mitigate the tropical climate.

44
Q

What is the primary style of Sauvignon Blanc from Nashik?

A

Fresh and aromatic, with tropical fruit and herbaceous notes.

45
Q

What is a notable producer in India?

A

Sula Vineyards.

46
Q

What distinguishes red wines from Nashik compared to Indian imports?

A

Nashik reds are lighter and fruitier, often with less oak influence.

47
Q

What is the primary climate challenge in Indian vineyards?

A

Monsoon rains, which can lead to disease pressure.

48
Q

What is the significance of the Bangalore region for Indian wine production?

A

Produces high-quality Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz due to cooler temperatures.

49
Q

What is the average alcohol range for Indian wines?

A

11.5–13.5%.

50
Q

What is the typical style of sparkling wines from India?

A

Made in the traditional method, with fresh acidity and fruit-forward profiles.

51
Q

What is the primary climate type in most Asian wine regions?

A

Continental or tropical, with challenges like monsoon rains or extreme cold.

52
Q

What is the significance of the Silk Road in Asian wine history?

A

Introduced viticulture and winemaking to Central Asia and China.

53
Q

What is the role of international investment in African and Asian wine production?

A

Modernizes winemaking practices and improves vineyard management.

54
Q

What is the most common challenge for winemakers in tropical regions like India and Thailand?

A

High humidity leading to disease pressure and uneven ripening.

55
Q

What is the role of the Asian Palate in wine production and marketing?

A

Encourages the production of wines with lower tannins, higher acidity, and balanced alcohol to pair with Asian cuisines.

56
Q

What is a notable emerging wine region in Thailand?

A

Khao Yai.

57
Q

What is the typical alcohol range for wines from tropical regions like Thailand or Vietnam?

A

11–13%, as tropical climates often favor early harvesting.

58
Q

What is the role of altitude in Ethiopia’s wine production?

A

High-altitude vineyards (1,500–2,000 meters) produce fresh, high-acid wines.

59
Q

What is the primary red grape variety used in Thailand?

A

Shiraz.

60
Q

What is the typical winemaking style for wines from Asia and Africa targeting the export market?

A

Balanced, fruit-forward wines with moderate tannins and acidity.

61
Q

What distinguishes Syrah from Morocco compared to Rhône Syrah?

A

Moroccan Syrah is often fuller-bodied with ripe fruit and spice due to the warmer climate.

62
Q

What is a notable high-altitude wine region in Morocco?

A

Beni M’Tir.

63
Q

What is the typical alcohol range for Moroccan reds?

A

13–14.5%.

64
Q

What is the primary export market for Moroccan wines?

A

France and other European countries.

65
Q

What is a notable producer in Morocco?

A

Domaine Ouled Thaleb.

66
Q

What distinguishes Carignan-based wines from Algeria compared to those from France?

A

Algerian Carignan is richer and higher in alcohol, with less acidity.

67
Q

What is the climate of Tunisia’s primary wine regions?

A

Mediterranean, with warm days and cooling sea breezes.

68
Q

What is the role of the Zaghouan Mountains in Tunisian viticulture?

A

Provides elevation and cooler conditions for grape growing.

69
Q

What is a notable wine style in Tunisia?

A

Gris de Tunisie, a pale rosé made from Grenache and Cinsault.

70
Q

What is the significance of Château Khanguet in Tunisia?

A

Known for producing high-quality wines with international acclaim.

71
Q

What is the primary sparkling wine style produced in Kenya?

A

Charmat-method sparkling wines made from Chenin Blanc.

72
Q

What is the typical style of Syrah from Ethiopian vineyards?

A

Medium-bodied with red fruit, spice, and soft tannins.

73
Q

What is a notable Ethiopian wine producer?

A

Rift Valley Winery.

74
Q

What is the average annual rainfall in Ethiopia’s wine regions?

A

700–1,000 mm, with irrigation often necessary.

75
Q

What distinguishes Ethiopian white wines from those of South Africa?

A

Ethiopian whites are lighter, with higher acidity and tropical fruit notes.

76
Q

What is the primary wine-producing region in Zimbabwe?

A

Mazowe Valley.

77
Q

What is the role of the Zambezi River in Zimbabwean viticulture?

A

Provides irrigation in the dry climate.

78
Q

What is the primary grape variety grown in Zimbabwe?

A

Chenin Blanc.

79
Q

What is the significance of Mount Kenya for viticulture?

A

The high-altitude vineyards near Mount Kenya benefit from cooler temperatures.

80
Q

What challenges do emerging African wine regions face?

A

Lack of infrastructure, tropical diseases, and limited access to international markets.

81
Q

What is the significance of the Yunnan province in Chinese winemaking?

A

Produces high-altitude wines near the Himalayan foothills.

82
Q

What is a notable producer in Yunnan?

A

Ao Yun, known for its premium Bordeaux-style red wines.

83
Q

What is the primary soil type in Yunnan vineyards?

A

Gravelly soils with good drainage.

84
Q

What is the role of international consultants in Chinese winemaking?

A

Enhances quality by introducing modern techniques and blending expertise.

85
Q

What is the significance of the Yellow River Valley in Chinese viticulture?

A

One of China’s oldest wine-producing regions, known for mass-market production.

86
Q

What distinguishes Chinese Merlot from international examples?

A

Often lighter-bodied with more herbal and red fruit notes.

87
Q

What is the primary use of indigenous grape varieties like Longyan in China?

A

Often used for white wines with neutral, high-acid profiles.

88
Q

What is a notable sparkling wine producer in China?

A

Chandon China, a subsidiary of Moët & Chandon.

89
Q

What is the typical aging potential of premium Chinese Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

5–10 years.

90
Q

What distinguishes red wines from Ningxia compared to Bordeaux?

A

Ningxia reds are riper and fruit-forward, with softer tannins and less oak influence.

91
Q

What is the primary style of Chenin Blanc produced in India?

A

Often off-dry, with tropical fruit and medium acidity.

92
Q

What is a notable sparkling wine producer in India?

A

Chandon India.

93
Q

What distinguishes Indian Shiraz compared to Australian Shiraz?

A

Indian Shiraz is lighter, with red fruit and spice, and lower alcohol.

94
Q

What is the significance of the Pune region for Indian wine?

A

Known for producing lighter-style reds and whites due to its cooler conditions.

95
Q

What is the typical harvest season in India?

A

February to April, due to the tropical climate.

96
Q

What is the primary wine-producing region in Thailand?

A

Khao Yai.

97
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Thailand?

A

Shiraz.

98
Q

What distinguishes Thai wines from tropical regions like India?

A

Often higher in acidity due to specific vineyard management techniques.

99
Q

What is a notable wine producer in Japan?

A

Grace Winery, known for its Koshu wines.

100
Q

What distinguishes Koshu wines from Japan compared to Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Koshu wines are lighter, with lower acidity and flavors of citrus, white peach, and minerality.

Advanced Sommelier (24 decks)

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