Tulving 1972: LTM, episodic, and semantic memory Flashcards
What are semantic memories?
They store general knowledge and info that you can’t remember where you learnt it. Consciously recalled
What are episodic memories?
Memory of personal events (time, places, people, etc). A mental diary of life events
What are the 2 types of long-term memories?
Declarative (explicit - memories you have to consciously work to remember) and procedural (implicit - memories you remember unconsciously)
What are the 2 types of declarative memories?
Semantic and episodic
What are declarative memories?
Facts, data, events
What are procedural memories?
How to do things - Tulving added this later. Use as AO3 point
Where is the semantic memory found?
In the frontal and temporal cortex
Where is episodic memory found?
In the hippocampus
How is semantic memory encoded?
Acoustically encoded. Not organised like episodic but memory can be encoded from episodic memory
How is episodic memory encoded?
Perceptionally encoded. Uses all forms of encoding + stored in terms of temporal links (when) and spatial links (where)
How is semantic memory retrieved?
Retrieval can be based on interferences, generalisation, and logical + rational thought
How is episodic memory retrieved?
Retrieval dependent on context in which event was originally learned/experienced. We encode retrieval cues + when these are present, were likely to recall more detail of episodic memory
