2.2.2 - 2.2.10 Methodology: Experimental designs

Question 1

What are the 3 types of experimental designs?

Answer 1

Independent measures, repeated measures, matched pairs

Question 2

What are independent measures?

Answer 2

Participants can only take part in 1 condition or the other

Question 3

What are repeated measures?

Answer 3

Each participant takes part in every condition being tested

Question 4

What are matched pairs?

Answer 4

Participants are tested and similar ppts on key variables (e.g. memory, age) are paired. One half of pair put in group A and other half put in group B

Question 5

What are the strengths of independent measures?

Answer 5

Reduces chance of guessing study + demand characteristics, avoids order effects

Question 6

What are the weaknesses of independent measures?

Answer 6

Extraneous variables, needs more ppts, no control over participant variables (e.g. intelligence, age)

Question 7

What are the strengths of repeated measures?

Answer 7

Fewer ppts needed, good control of participant variables (since same person tested twice)

Question 8

What is the weakness of repeated measures?

Answer 8

Order effects are produced

Question 9

What are the strengths of matched pairs?

Answer 9

Participant variables controlled since matching, avoids order effects

Question 10

What are the weaknesses of matched pairs?

Answer 10

Time consuming to match pairs, may not control all participant variables + only the relevant ones (others may be important)

Question 11

How do you deal with participant variables?

Answer 11

Sort with randomisation

Question 12

How do you deal with order effects?

Answer 12

Sort with counter balancing