Theories of memory: Multi store model of memory

Question 1

What is meant by the multi store model?

Answer 1

Suggests memory has 3 parts (sensory memory, STM, LTM) + info stored in these parts depending on on how its cognitively processed

Question 2

What is an example of procedural memory?

Answer 2

Knowing how to play the piano but not where u learned it

Question 3

Draw out the multi store model of memory:

Answer 3

Look in notes for answer

Question 4

What are the 2 types of rehearsal in the model?

Answer 4

Maintenance rehearsal, and rehearsal - maintenance rehearsal differs from rehearsal from STM to LTM

Question 5

Where can info be lost through decay?

Answer 5

In all 3 memory stores

Question 6

What does the MSM assume?

Answer 6

Theres 3 unitary (separate) stores + that info is transferred between the stores in a linear sequence (from one to the other)

Question 7

How does each memory store differ?

Answer 7

Through the way the info is processed (encoding), how much info can be stored (capacity), and how long for (duration)

Question 8

Describe the sensory register (1st store):

Answer 8

Encoding = Echoic (sound), iconic (visual)
Duration = 0.5-2 seconds
Capacity = Very large
Key process - Attention - only passed to STM if we pay attention to it
Retrieval = Scanning

Question 9

Describe STM (2nd store):

Answer 9

Capacity = 5 - 9 items (7 + or - 2 items)
Duration: 18-30 seconds
Retrieval = Info lost through decat if not paid attention to + rehearsed. If capacity becomes full, info is lost through displacement

Capacity can be overcome by chunking (method to remember mobile number)

Question 10

What happens if maintenance rehearsal is prevented?

Answer 10

Info from STM is lost. Interference task can do this

Question 11

What is displacement?

Answer 11

Where old info is lost + replaced with new info coming in

Question 12

Describe LTM:

Answer 12

Duration + capacity = Potentially unlimited
Retrieval = Semantic or temporal search - Thinking back to when u stored it and what u stored it with
Key process = Material rehearsed for a long time. When u want to recall info, can be transferred back to STM

Question 13

What is the primary effect?

Answer 13

Good recall of 1st words in list

Question 14

What is asymptote?

Answer 14

Middle part of list not remembered well compared to start + end

Question 15

What is the recency effect?

Answer 15

Good recall of end of list - more correct than 1st words. This carries on, even if list is made longer