2.2.2 - 2.2.10 Methodology: Experiments Flashcards
What are the 2 types of experiments?
Lab and field
What is a lab experiment?
Controlled + artificial conditions, IV is manipulated (changed) to see effect of the change on another variable (DV)
What is a field experiment?
Conducted in participants natural setting, some manipulation
What are the 3 essential characteristics in experiments?
- Researcher manipulates 1 or more independent variables
- Measuring if manipulation has influence on dependent variable
- Controls for extraneous variables so don’t become confounding
Why are using these characteristics important in experiments?
Establishes cause + effect relationships, contains control + experimental groups
What is quantitative data?
Objective and free from bias/interpretation
Explain internal validity (inside study):
Trust that only IV is affecting DV, control extraneous variables, can establish cause + effect which gives credible results
Give these as an example when comparing
Explain external validity (outside study):
Artificial environment means low ecological validity
Give these as an example when comparing
What are the 3 types of hypotheses?
Directional (1 tailed), non-directional (2 tailed), and null
What is a directional hypothesis?
Statement that predicts direction of result (key words: higher, more, less, etc)
What is a non-directional hypothesis?
Statement that doesn’t predict direction of results
What is a null hypothesis?
A statement of no difference
What is a null hypothesis?
A statement of no difference
