Tues April 5th- Review Flashcards
What percent of cancer is hereditary?
5-10%
what about famillal?
20%
and sporadic?
70%
Difference between famillal and hereditary?
Herediatary you can pin point to a mutation in a gene causing it but famillal, you can’t point to a single gene.
Ex. Lung cancer when you’re exposed to smoking in a household that smokes. Carcinogen *
Name some indications of hereditary cancer?
MARY acronym **
T or F, having a hereditary form of cancer does NOT increase your rate of occurance.
True
what are some very rare cancers?
- ovarian
- pancreatic
- male breast cancer
what are the possible germline test results “variant classifications”
Can be broken down to pathogenic/ likely pathogenic. Can also be detected as positive/negative.
T or F, A VUS will likely jump to pathogenic or likely benign on the report.
True
We are NOT allowed to give ammended reports directly to patients, T or F?
True
if gene DX reclassifies a variant, what happens?
Gene DX, let’s tempus know with patients listed that it could effect and then tempus informs the clinician.
How often does reclassification happen?
most labs will do a review of the database every 6-12 months to see about new VUS’s out there.
What’s the purpose of hereditary cancer testing?
- medical management of a patient whoe does not yet have cancer and even the patient that does. We can use this to aid in treatment plans. Some gene mutations will leave to therapy options.
- this can also help the family members when it comes to knowing their risks and getting tested on a routine basis.
- psychological benefit to knowing why cancer arose in the family. psychological benefits.
How many genes are on xG?
52 (associated with common hereditary)
how many genes are on the xT incidental germline panel?
65
how many genes on xG+?
88
if a patient has an incidetnal germline finding on EGFR, we cannot test for that. T or F?
True
what is included on xG+ ?
All the germlines on the incidental germline findings list.
Which 6 common hereditary cancer subtypes do the 52 genes of xG cover?
- Breast
- Pancreatic
- Rectal
- Ovarian
- Prostate
- Endometrial (uterine)
Explain familial variant testing and how it varies from other testing types:
If a family member has a known variant, a family member can be tested to see if they have that one specific variant. One huge plus: no chance of a VUS. You either have the variant or you don’t. Positive or Negative.
if a family member chooses to get tested, as long as it’s 90 days after the result, there is no cost to the other family members, T or F?
True
Why might a client order xG vs. xG+?
A doctor may choose this instead because xG+ which will have a bigger VUS panel. With xG, they aren’t left so much int the “grey area” and are targeting a specific cancer they already know about.
Why might they choose xG+ over xG?
To test for less common hereditary cancers since this test is more comprehensive. Say a patient is in the “grey area” and wants answers, this would be a good route to go for them.
Explain the ordering process for xG/xG+ ?
The test and the kit form will go directly to GeneDX. Always send the test request form to both.
Specimen recs for xG:
Cheek swabs or blood for either of those.
For xG normal match, can we accept saliva?
Yes
What additional info is needed for the form?
- Family history, ancestory
- History of bone marrow transplant
- If they’ve had any genetic testing done (includes if an incidental germline variant was detected and which one it was)
Is patient consent needed for this test?
Yes, any time we are reporting out germline findings in one of the 13 states. Always go ahead and get this conest form signed to avoid issues with the report.
