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PSALM GIRLS: HISTOPATHOLOGY > TRIMMING 1.0 > Flashcards

TRIMMING 1.0 Flashcards

1
Q

a process whereby tissues are trimmed and cut into uniformly thin slices or “sections” to facilitate the studies under the microscope

A

MICROTOMY

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2
Q

the EXCESS WAS IS CUT OFF FROM THE BLOCK to expose the tissue surface in preparation for actual cutting

A

TRIMMING

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3
Q

TISSUES ARE CUT INTO UNIFORMLY THIN SLICES with the aid of machine to facilitate the studies under the microscope

A

SECTIONING

or SECTION-CUTTING

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4
Q

MACHINE or INSTRUMENT designed for the accurate cutting of thin slices/sections of tissues

A

MICROTOME

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5
Q

microtome for CUTTING CELLOIDIN SECTIONS

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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6
Q

favored in laboratories where VERY HARD TISSUE OR BLOCKS ARE SECTIONED

A

BASE-SLEDGE MICROTOME

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7
Q

microtome where the BLOCK REMAINS STATIONARY while the KNIFE IS MOVED BACKWARD and FORWARD

A

STANDARD SLIDING MICROTOME

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8
Q

MOST DANGEROUS microtome because of its movable exposed knife

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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9
Q

for CUTTING PARAFFIN EMBEDDED sections

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

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10
Q

MOST POPULAR and MOST COMMON type used for ROUTINE and research studies

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

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11
Q

the microtome INSIDE THE CRYOSTAT

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

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12
Q

the SIMPLEST TYPE of microtome

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

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13
Q

microtome for cutting sections of LARGE BLOCKS OF PARAFFIN EMBEDDED TISSUES

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

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14
Q

microtome for cutting UNEMBEDDED FROZEN SECTIONS

A

FREEZING MICROTOME

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15
Q

replaced in most laboratories by the CRYOSTAT

A

FREEZING MICROTOME

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16
Q

microtome for cutting specimens into EXTREMELY THIN SLICES FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY WORK

A

ULTRATHIN MICROTOME

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17
Q

how thin are tissue slices of SEMITHIN?

A

0.5 - 1µm

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18
Q

thickness of ULTRATHIN tissue slices

A

60 - 100nm

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19
Q

microtome by GEORGE ADAMS

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

“naslide si Adam”

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20
Q

microtome by GEORGE RICHARDS MINOT

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

“MINOT-ROT”

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21
Q

microtome also known as CAMBRIDGE

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

“nagrock ang bridge”

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22
Q

microtome by PALDWELL TREFALL

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

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23
Q

microtome by JOHN QUECKETT

A

FREEZING MICROTOME

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24
Q

microtome knife 25mm IN LENGTH

A

PLANE CONCAVE

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25
Q

one side of the knife is FLAT/STRAIGHT while the other is CONCAVE

A

PLANE CONCAVE

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26
Q

in Plane Concave knives, the** less concave part **is used for cutting what tissues?

A

CELLOIDIN TISSUES

27
Q

in Plane Concave knives, the more concave side is used for cutting what tissues?

A

PARAFFIN TISSUES

28
Q

knives with BOTH SIDES CONCAVE

A

BICONCAVE KNIFE

29
Q

microtome knife where BOTH SIDES ARE STRAIGHT

A

PLANE WEDGE

30
Q

knife used for FROZEN SECTIONS and EXTREMELY HARD and TOUGH SPECIMENS

A

PLANE WEDGE

31
Q

knife 120mm IN LENGTH

A

BICONCAVE KNIFE

32
Q

knife 100mm IN LENGTH

A

PLANE WEDGE

33
Q

BEVEL angle

A

27-32°

34
Q

INCLINATION angle

A

15°

35
Q

CLEARANCE angle

A

5-10°

36
Q

the angle FORMED BETWEEN ACTUAL CUTTING EDGES

A

BEVEL ANGLE

37
Q

PERFECT and OPTIMUM CUTTING ANGLE is obtained causing maximum penetration of tissues and minimizing distortion

A

INCLINATION ANGLE

38
Q

to prevent uneven sections (alternate thin and thick sections)

A

CLEARANCE ANGLE

39
Q

the knife is usually tilted at what angulation on a microtome to allow a clearance angle between the cutting facet and tissue block?

A

0-15°

40
Q

HARD TISSUES are best cut with a (blank), relatively (**blank) **stroke

A

FIRM, QUICK

41
Q

SOFT TISSUES are best cut with (blank), (blank) MOTION

A

SLOW, GENTLE

42
Q

thickness of PARAFFIN SECTIONS

A

4-6µ

43
Q

thickness of CELLOIDIN SECTION

A

10-15µ

44
Q

thickness of FROZEN SECTION

A

4µ

45
Q

TYPE OF TISSUE SECTION:

may be cut by ROCKING and ROTARY microtome

A

PARAFFIN SECTION

46
Q

TYPE OF TISSUE SECTION:

usually used by means of the SLIDING microtome

A

CELLOIDIN SECTION

47
Q

unbroken sequence of sections throughout the tissue blocks

A

SERIAL SECTIONS

or RIBBON 🎀

48
Q

KNIFE TEMPERATURE

A

-40 to -60°C

49
Q

TISSUE TEMPERATURE

A

-5 to -10°C

50
Q

ENVIRONMENT TEMPERATURE

A

0 to 10°C

51
Q

microtome used for FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY staining techniques or HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES

A

CRYOSTAT (COLD MICROTOME)

52
Q

microtome used for rapid preparation of urgent tissue biopsies for intraoperative diagnosis

A

CRYOSTAT (COLD MICROTOME)

53
Q

OPTIMUM WORKING TEMPERATURE of CRYOSTAT

A

(-5 to -30°C) or (-18 to -20°C)

AVE: -20°C

54
Q

in using fixed tissues for cryostat, in what reagent are tissues immersed in for 1-2 minutes before freezing and sectioning for rapid surgical diagnosis?

A

BOILING 10% BUFFERED FORMALIN

55
Q

methods of STAINING FOR CRYOSTAT SECTIONS for rapid surgical diagnosis

A
  1. POLYCHROME METHYLENE BLUE (Loeffler’s)
  2. THIONINE
  3. ALCOHOLIC PINOCYANOL
  4. H&E STAINING

“PoTAHE” 😂

56
Q

MOST COMMONLY USED staining methods for cryostat sections for rapid surgical dx

A
  1. H&E STAINING
  2. POLYCHROME METHYLENE BLUE (Loeffler’s)
57
Q

this method is normally utilized when a RAPID DIAGNOSIS of the tissue in question is required

A

FROZEN SECTION

58
Q

this method is essentially recommended when LIPIDS and NERVOUS TISSUE elements are to be demonstrated

A

FROZEN SECTION

59
Q

in what state does frozen section require the tissues to be during cutting of section?

A

SOLID, FROZEN

60
Q

all enzymes are destroyed at temperature above _____

A

56°C

61
Q

DISADVANTAGE of FROZEN SECTION

A

RELATIVELY POOR QUALITY OF THE FINAL SLIDE

62
Q

COMMONLY USED methods of FREEZING

A
  1. LIQUID NITROGEN
  2. ISOPENTANE COOLED BY LIQUID NITROGEN
  3. CARBON DIOXIDE GAS
  4. AEROSOL SPRAYS

“LICA”

63
Q

MOST RAPID FREEZING AGENT

A

ISOPENTANE COOLED BY LIQUID NITROGEN

64
Q
A

PSALM GIRLS: HISTOPATHOLOGY (11 decks)

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