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PSALM GIRLS: HISTOPATHOLOGY > FIXATIVES 2.0 > Flashcards

FIXATIVES 2.0 Flashcards

PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES, GLACIAL ACETIC ACID, ALCOHOLIC FIXATIVES, OSMIUM TETROXIDE, TRICHLOROACETIC ACID, ACETONE, MICHEL'S SOLUTION, HEAT FIXATION, extras

1
Q

Good fixative for CONNECTIVE TISSUES and GLYCOGEN

A

PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES

CLUE: GLYCOGEN!!!

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2
Q

recommended for immunostaining of BIOGENIC and POLYPEPTIDE HORMONES

A

PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES

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3
Q

Picric Acid fixatives dye the tissues what color?

A

YELLOW

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4
Q

class of fixatives suitable for ANILINE STAINS & TRICHROME METHOD

A

PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES

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5
Q

the chemical name for GENERAL PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES

A

2,4,6-TRINITROPHENOL

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6
Q

Picric Acid is HIGHLY EXPLOSIVE when _______

A

DRY

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7
Q

Picric Acid must be kept moist with __________ or __________

A

DISTILLED WATER; SATURATED ALCOHOL

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8
Q

Picrates are soluble in what substance?

A

WATER

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9
Q

Picrates should be transferred directly to what substance?

A

70% ALCOHOL

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10
Q

PICRIC ACID FIXATIVES: “BBHoG”

A
  1. BOUIN’S SOLUTION
  2. BRASIL’S ALCOHOLIC PICROFORMOL FIXATIVE
  3. HOLLANDE’S SOLUTION
  4. GENDRE’S SOLUTION
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11
Q

fixative for EMBRYOS and PITUITARY BIOPSIES

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

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12
Q

recommended for GIT BIOPSIES, ANIMAL EMBRYOS, and ENDOCRINE GLAND TISSUE

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

BIOPSIES, B una! vs SPX na S… and Bouin’s comes first before Hollande’s…

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13
Q

EXCELLENT fixative for GLYCOGEN demonstration

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

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14
Q

PREFERRED fixative for MASSON’S TRICHROME staining for collagen, elastic fibers, or connective tissues

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

“si Masson ug si Bouin…“ 😤

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15
Q

this fixative is NOT suitable for fixing kidney structures, lipid, and mucus

A

BOUIN’S SOLUTION

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16
Q

BEST ROUTINE fixative for GLYCOGEN

A

BRASIL’S ALCOHOLIC PICROFORMOL FIXATIVE

“BR: Best Routine; BR: BRasil”

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17
Q

overnight tissue fixation by automatic processing technique may utilize how many changes of Brasil’s fixative?

A

3-4 changes

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18
Q

recommended for GIT SPECIMENS and fixation of ENDOCRINE TISSUES

A

HOLLANDE’S SOLUTION

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19
Q

RECOMMENDED for the preservation of GLYCOGEN and other carbohydrates

A

GENDRE’S SOLUTION

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20
Q

Picric Acid fixative that DOES NOT REQUIRE WASHING OUT

A

GENDRE’S SOLUTION

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21
Q

in using Gendre’s Solution…

after fixation in Gendre’s Solution, the tissue is placed into what?

A

70% ETHANOL

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22
Q

Glacial Acetic Acid FREEZES and SOLIDIFIES at what temperature?

A

17°C

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23
Q

fixes and precipitates NUCLEOPROTEINS

A

GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

medyo sosyal lang paminawon ang GLACIAL ug NUCLEOPROTEINS 🤳

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24
Q

It is contraindicated for cytoplasmic fixation because it destroys MITOCHONDRIA and GOLGI ELEMENTS

A

GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

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25
Q

fixatives that denature and precipitate protein by destroying hydrogen and other bonds

A

ALCOHOLIC FIXATIVES

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26
Q

what concentration of alcohol is used TO FIX AND PRESERVE GLYCOGEN, PIGMENTS, BLOOD, TISSUE FILMS, and SMEARS?

A

100%

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27
Q

what concentration of alcohol and mixture are used to PRESERVE THE COLOR OF THE SPECIMEN FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC WORK?

A

80% ; GLYCERIN-ALCOHOL MIXTURE

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28
Q

may be used both as a FIXATIVE and DEHYDRATING AGENT

A

ALCOHOLIC FIXATIVES

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29
Q
  • MAJOR DISADVANTAGE OF ALCOHOLIC FIXATIVES
  • glycogen granules move towards the poles or ends of the cells
A

POLARIZATION

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30
Q

used as a diluent in Wright’s stain

A

100% METHANOL

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31
Q

EXCELLENT for fixing thin layer preparations such as WET & DRY SMEARS, bone marrow tissues, and cell cultures

A

100% METHANOL

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32
Q

it is used for fixing TOUCH PREPARATIONS

A

95% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

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33
Q

alcoholic fixative used in 70-100% CONCENTRATION

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

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34
Q

lower concentrations (70-80%) of this fixative will cause RBC lysis & inadequate WBC preservation

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

35
Q

used for HISTOCHEMISTRY especially for ENZYME STUDIES since it preserves NUCLEOPROTEINS & NUCLEIC ACIDS

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

36
Q

preserves but DOES NOT FIX GLYCOGEN

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

37
Q

for histochemical detection of SODIUM URATE CRYSTALS in patients with gout

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

38
Q

fixative that gives the MOST USABLE DNA FRAGMENTS FOR PCR

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

39
Q

can be both used as a SIMPLE and COMPOUND FIXATIVE

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL

40
Q

the MOST RAPID TISSUE FIXATIVE

A

CARNOY’S FLUID

41
Q

recommended for fixing CHROMOSOMES, LYMPH GLANDS, and URGENT BIOPSIES

A

CARNOY’S FLUID

42
Q

alcoholic fixative used to fix BRAIN TISSUE for RABIES DIAGNOSIS

A

CARNOY’S FLUID

43
Q

alcoholic fixative that preserves NISSL and cytoplasmic granules and very suitable for small tissue fragments such as curettings and biopsy materials

A

CARNOY’S FLUID

44
Q

it can be used for fixation or post-fixation of LARGE FATTY SPECIMENS

A

ALCOHOLIC FORMALIN

45
Q

used to complete fixation after incomplete primary formalin fixation

A

ALCOHOLIC FORMALIN

46
Q

for fixing MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES and nuclear proteins

A

NEWCOMER’S FLUID

“Newcomer siya kay siya lang nagmention diri ug MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES” BRAH IDK ANYMORE!!! 😴

47
Q

it is both a NUCLEUS and HISTOCHEMICAL FIXATIVE

A

NEWCOMER’S FLUID

48
Q

alcoholic fixative used on FROZEN SECTION AND SMEAR

A

CLARKE’S SOLUTION

“ang FROZEN SMEAR ni Clarke” teh ambot lang 🥴

49
Q

it PRESERVES NUCLEIC ACIDS but extracts lipids

A

CLARKE’S SOLUTION

“naga EXTRACT si Clarke” 🤑

50
Q

FORMULA FOR CLARKE’S SOLUTION

A

ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL & GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

51
Q

a faster acting agent than alcoholic formalin due to the presence of acetic acid that can also produce formalin pigment

A

FORMOL-ACETIC ACID ALCOHOL

52
Q

sometimes used to fix DIAGNOSTIC CRYOSTAT SECTIONS

A

FORMOL-ACETIC ACID ALCOHOL

53
Q

alcoholic fixative:
faster fixation and is used in FROZEN SECTIONS FOR RAPID DIAGNOSIS

A

GENDRE’S FIXATIVE

54
Q

used to fix SPUTUM

A

GENDRE’S FIXATIVE

55
Q

good preservation of GLYCOGEN & MICRO-INCINERATION TECHNIQUE

A

GENDRE’S FIXATIVE

56
Q

a PALE YELLOW POWDER which dissolves in water to form a strong oxidizing solution which causes the complete denaturation of protein

A

OSMIUM TETROXIDE

57
Q

What concentration of osmium tetroxide is buffered at pH 7.3-7.5?

A

1% OsO4

58
Q

a good fixative and EXCELLENT STAIN FOR LIPIDS in MEMBRANOUS STRUCTURES AND VESICLES

A

OSMIUM TETROXIDE

59
Q

prolonged exposure to this fixative causes CONJUNCTIVITIS and BLINDNESS

A

OSMIUM TETROXIDE (or OSMIC ACID)

60
Q

the MOST COMMONLY USED CHROME-OSMIUM ACETIC ACID

A

FLEMMING’S SOLUTION

61
Q

under OsO4:

excellent fixative for NUCLEAR STRUCTURES such as CHROMOSOMES

A

FLEMMING’S SOLUTION

62
Q

under OsO4:

PERMANENTLY fixes FATS/LIPIDS

A

FLEMMING’S SOLUTION

63
Q

under OsO4:

recommended for CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES such as MITOCHONDRIA

A

FLEMMING’S SOLUTION WITHOUT ACETIC ACID

64
Q

can be used as a WEAK DECALCIFYING AGENT

A

TRICHLOROACETIC ACID

65
Q

used for PRECIPITATION of PROTEINS and NUCLEIC ACIDS

A

TRICHLOROACETIC ACID

3 words ang PROTEINS, NUCLEIC, ACIDS so TRI…; GIKAPOY NAKO ANI NA CARD DI NAKO MAALALA

66
Q

causes marked SWELLING EFFECT on tissues (counteract SHRINKAGE produced by other fixatives)

A

TRICHLOROACETIC ACID

67
Q

used as FIXATIVE and DECALCIFIER in microscopy

A

TRICHLOROACETIC ACID

68
Q

at what temperature range is acetone used?

A

-5°C to 4°C (or 0 to 4°C)

69
Q

recommended for the study of WATER DIFFUSIBLE ENZYMES especially LIPASES & PHOSPHATASES

A

ACETONE

70
Q

used in fixing BRAIN TISSUES for dx of RABIES (Negri Bodies)

aside from Carnoy’s fluid!

A

ACETONE

71
Q

used in FREEZE-SUBSTITUTION techniques as a solvent for certain metallic salts

A

ACETONE

72
Q

NOT RECOMMENDED as morphological fixative for tissue blocks

A

ACETONE

73
Q

provide a STABLE MEDIUM TRANSPORT OF FRESH, UNFIXED TISSUES

A

MICHEL’S SOLUTION

74
Q

this procedure involves thermal coagulation of tissue proteins for rapid diagnosis

A

HEAT FIXATION

75
Q

this method is usually employed for FROZEN TISSUE SECTIONS and preparations of BACTERIOLOGIC SMEARS

A

HEAT FIXATION

76
Q

MIXTURE OF FIXATIVES FOR EM:

PARAFORMALDEHYDE-GLUTARALDEHYDE SOLUTION

A

KARNOVSKY’S

77
Q

MIXTURE OF FIXATIVES FOR EM:

mixture with GLUTARALDEHYDE OR FORMALDEHYDE

A

ACROLEIN

78
Q

2 other terms for POST-CHROMATIZATION

A

POST-CHROMING / POST-MORDANTING

79
Q

a secondary fixation whereby a primarily fixed tissue is placed in potassium dichromate for 24hrs, to act as mordant and aid in cytological preservation of tses

A

POST-CHROMATIZATION

80
Q

the process of REMOVING EXCESS FIXATIVE from the tissue after fixation in order to improve staining and remove artefacts from the tses

A

WASHING OUT

81
Q

TAP WATER is used to remove what substances?

A

“COF” (CHROMATES, OSMIC ACID, FORMALIN)

“tap water ang gamiton para matanggal imong Circle Of Friends” 😭

82
Q

used to remove excess amount of PICRIC ACID

A

50-70% ALCOHOL

83
Q

used to remove excessive MERCURY

A

ALCOHOLIC IODINE

PSALM GIRLS: HISTOPATHOLOGY (11 decks)

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