HISTOTECH INTRO & MISCELLANEOUS Flashcards
MOTHER NOTES + FINAL COACHING
The destruction of the tissues by enzymes which are produced by the tissues and eventually liquefy it.
AUTOLYSIS
It is the first to occur among all post-mortem changes.
AUTOLYSIS
The decomposition of organic matter under the influence of microorganisms accompanied by the development of disagreeable odors.
PUTREFACTION
A retrogressive pathologic process in cells in which the cytoplasm undergoes deterioration while the nucleus is preserved.
DEGENERATION
process wherein selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass containing isotonic salt solution, carefully dissected or separated and examined under the microscope
TEASING or DISSOCIATION
process where small pieces of tissue not more than 1mm in diameter are placed in a microscopic slide and forcibly compressed with another slide or with coverglass
SQUASH PREPARATION or CRUSHING
normally utilized when a rapid diagnosis of the tissue is required, and especially recommended when lipids and nervous tissue elements are to be demonstrated
FROZEN SECTION
useful in cytological examinations, particularly for cancer diagnosis
SMEARING
rapid and gentle direct or ZIGZAG application to obtain uniform distribution
STREAKING
has the advantage of maintaining the intercellular relationship; especially recommended for fresh sputum, bronchial aspirates and thick mucoid secretions
SPREADING
slides facing each other as a drop of secretion is sandwiched in-between; material disperses evenly over the surface of 2 slides
PULL-APART
special method where slide surface is in contact and pressed on the site
TOUCH PREPARATION
programmed cell death
APOPTOSIS
damage, trauma, or toxicity-induced cell death (cell injury)
NECROSIS
reduction in size and CONDENSATION OF CHROMATIN in the nucleus
PYKNOSIS
SEGMENTATION & FRAGMENTATION of THE NUCLEUS
KARYORRHEXIS
DISSOLUTION OF THE NUCLEUS where all basophilia of the chromatin fades and the NUCLEUS DISAPPEAR
KARYOLYSIS
CYTOPLASM BROKEN UP AND GONE
CYTOPLASMOLYSIS
cytoplasm denser and stains PINKER than before
COAGULATION
tombstone formation; characteristics of INFARCTS (areas of ISCHEMIC NECROSIS) in all solid organs (ISCHEMIC HEART, MTB, KIDNEYS, THYROID INFARCTION, LUNGS SPLEEN) except brain
COAGULATIVE NECROSIS
characterized by PUS FORMATION; occurs in BRAIN and SPINAL CORD
LIQUEFACTIVE (COLLIQUATIVE) NECROSIS
composed of YELLOW, CHEESY, and CRUMBLY MATERIAL; usually seen in cases of PTB, TULAREMIA, SYPHILIS, and LYMPHOGRANULOMA INGUINALE
CASEOUS NECROSIS
characterized by CHALKY, WHITE PRECIPITATES; usually seen in PANCREATIC DEGENERATION
FATTY NECROSIS
malignant tumor of EPITHELIAL TISSUE
CARCINOMA
malignant tumor of CONNECTIVE TISSUE or MESENCHYMAL CELLS
SARCOMA
INCOMPLETE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGAN; organ fails to achieve its full or adult size
HYPOPLASIA
INCOMPLETE OR DEFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF A TISSUE OR ORGAN
APLASIA
COMPLETE NON-APPEARANCE OF AN ORGAN
AGENESIA
failure of an organ to form an opening
ATRESIA
acquired DECREASE IN SIZE OF A NORMALLY DEVELOPED TISSUE OR ORGAN, resulting from reduction in cell size or decrease in total number of cells or both
ATROPHY
increase in size of tissues or organs due to INCREASE IN THE SIZE OF INDIVIDUAL CELLS
HYPERTROPHY
increase in size of an organ or tissue due to INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS
HYPERPLASIA
transformation of one type of adult cell to another caused by a certain type of stress different to what the cell is accustomed to
METAPLASIA
is metaplasia REVERSIBLE or IRREVERSIBLE?
REVERSIBLE
most often referred to PROLIFERATION OF PRECANCEROUS CELLS often arises from prolonged pathologic hyperplasia or prolonged metaplasia
DYSPLASIA
is dysplasia REVERSIBLE or IRREVERSIBLE?
REVERSIBLE
cells have poor cellular differentiation; PREDOMINANTLY PRESENT ARE PRIMITIVE CELL TYPES; CRITERION TOWARD MALIGNANCY
ANAPLASIA
is anaplasia REVERSIBLE or IRREVERSIBLE?
IRREVERSIBLE
new tissue growth that is unregulated, irreversible and monoclonal accompanied by increase in size, pigmentation, mitosis, number, metaplastic, and anaplastic changes of the cell
NEOPLASIA
is neoplasia REVERSIBLE or IRREVERSIBLE?
IRREVERSIBLE
dissects the cadaver
PROSECTOR
prosector of autopsy
THE MAIN PATHOLOGIST
FIRST to perform autopsy
GIOVANNI MORGAGNI
autopsy technician which means “SERVANT”
DIENER
investigates the cause of death
CORONER
AUTOPSY TECHNIQUE: ORGANS ARE REMOVED ONE BY ONE
VIRCHOW
AUTOPSY TECHNIQUE: characterized by IN SITU DISSECTION
ROKITANSKY
AUTOPSY TECHNIQUE: thoracic, cervical, abdominal, and pelvic organs are removed EN MASSE
LETULLE
AUTOPSY TECHNIQUE: EN BLOC removal
GHON
characterized by the production of sulfide gas causing unpleasant odor
GANGRENOUS NECROSIS
