Triads in Cardiology

Question 1

Triad of Ruptured Aneurysm

Answer 1

left flank pain
hypotension
pulsatile mass

Question 2

Diagnostic triad of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) ECG Pattern

Answer 2

wide QRS complex
relatively short PR interval
slurring of the initial part of the QRS complex (delta wave)

Question 3

Triad of chronic renal failure in ECG

Answer 3

peaked T waves (hyperkalemia)
long QT d.t. ST segment lengthening (hypocalcemia)
LVH (systemic hypertension)

Question 4

Beck’s Triad

Answer 4

hypotension
soft/absent heart sounds
jugular venous distention w/ a prominent x-descent but an absent y-descent

Question 5

Plaques that have caused fatal thromboses

Answer 5

thin fibrous caps
large lipid cores
high content of macrophages

Question 6

Triad of Buerger disease

Answer 6

claudication of the affected extremity
Reynaud phenomenon
migratory superficial vein thrombophlebitis

Question 7

Virchow’s Triad

Answer 7

stasis
hypercoagulability
endothelial/vascular damage

Question 8

Clinical syndrome of hemochromatosis

Answer 8

cirrhosis
diabetes
hypogonadism

Question 9

Dressler’s Triad (Post MI)

Answer 9

fever
pleuritic pain
pericardial effusion