Murmurs Flashcards
Heard at 2nd right ICS
radiates to the CAROTID arteries
Aortic Stenosis
2nd LEFT ICS
Pulmonic Stenosis
Lower LEFT sternal border
Aortic Regurgitation
Tricuspid Murmurs
VSD Murmurs
Apex
Radiates into the AXILLA
Mitral Regurgitation
SYSTOLIC MURMURS
Aortic Stenosis
Tricuspid Regurgitation
ASTRa
DIASTOLIC MURMURS
Mitral Stenosis
Pulmonary Regurgitation
MSPR
Crescendo, Midsytolic Murmur
Aortic Stenosis
Early diastolic murmur
Aortic Regurgitation
Holosystolic murmur
Mitral Regurgitation
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Diastolic Murmur after the Opening Snap
Mitral Stenosis
Change in Venous Return
INCREASE (squat, leg raise) - DECREASE murmur
DECREASE (stand, Valsalva) - INCREASE murmur
HCOM
MVP
Change in Venous Return
INCREASE (squat, leg raise) - INCREASE murmur
DECREASE (stand, Valsalva) - DECREASE murmur
Aortic Stenosis Aortic Regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral Regurgitation VSD
SYNCOPE
ANGINA
DYSPNEA
Aortic Stenosis
- crescendo decrescendo mid systolic murmur
- Gallavardin effect
- pulsus parvus et tardus - weak and delayed
- afib
diastolic decrescendo murmur at L sternal border
murmur heard over femoral artery - Durosiez sign
Aortic Regurgitation
Murmur in severe AR “rumbling sound”
Austin Flint Murmur
Jarring of the entire body and bobbing motion of the head
De Musset Sign
Bounding and forceful pulse, rapidly increasing and subsequently collapsing
Water - Hammer or Corrigans Pulse
Capillary pulsation at the ROOT of the NAIL
Quincke’s pulse
Booming “pistol shot” sound over the FEMORAL ARTERIES
Traube sign
To and fro murmur when FEMORAL artery is COMPRESSED
Duroziez sign
(+)rheumatic fever
dyspnea and palpitation
OPENING SNAP followed by low pitched tumbling diastolic murmur at the apex
MITRAL STENOSIS
- RF - MCC
- straightening of the upper left border of the cardiac silhouette - EARLIEST xray finding
- Percutaneous Transmitral Commissurotomy - PTMC -treatment of choice
Hemodynamic hallmark of Mitral Stenosis
abnormally elevated LEFT atrioventricular pressure
Functional tricuspid murmur in MS
Carvallo sign
Imaging findings in Mitral Stenosis
ECG: LA enlargement, RAD and RVH
CXR: straightening of the left upper border of cardiac silhouette
Unique Features and Presentation of Mitral Stenosis
DYSPHAGIA - enlarged LA pressing on the ESOPHAGUS
HOARSENESS - enlarged LA pressing on the RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and STROKE from enormous LA and HEMOPTYSIS - increase LA pressure causing pulmonary venous HPN and rupture of pulmonary bronchial venous connections
