Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Question 1

Virchow’s Triad:

Answer 1

Venous stasis
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury

Question 2

Hallmark of massive pulmonary embolism

Answer 2

dyspnea
syncope
hypotension
cyanosis

Question 3

Usually begins in the calf and propagates proximally to the popliteal vein, femoral vein, and iliac veins

Answer 3

Lower Extremity DVT

Question 4

Often precipitated by placement of pacemakers, internal cardiac defibrillators, or indwelling central venous catheters

Answer 4

Upper Extremity DVT

Question 5

The MC SITE FOR ATHEROSCLEROTIC OCCLUSION in the LOWER EXTREMITIES

Answer 5

Distal Superficial Femoral Artery

Question 6

Usually presents with erythema, tenderness and “palpable cord”

Answer 6

Superficial Venous Thrombosis

Question 7

Known as “the Great Masquerader” and diagnosis is difficult because symptoms and signs are nonspecific

Answer 7

Pulmonary Embolism

Question 8

CRAMP OR “CHARLEY HORSE” in the lower calf that persists and intensifies over several days

Answer 8

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Question 9

RECURRENT LEFT THIGH EDEMA especially in young women with RIGHT PROXIMAL ILIAC ARTERY COMPRESSION of the LEFT PROXIMAL ILIAC VEIN

Answer 9

May-Thurner Syndrome

Question 10

Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens

Answer 10

Extensive DVT of the major axial deep venous channels of the lower extremity

Question 11

Phlegmasia Alba Dolens

Answer 11

Thrombosis extends to the collateral veins and massive fluid sequestration and more significant edema ensue

Question 12

Westermark’s sign

Answer 12

Focal oligemia

Question 13

Hampton’s hump

Answer 13

Peripheral wedged-shaped density usually located at the pleural base

Question 14

Palla’s sign

Answer 14

Enlarged right descending pulmonary artery

Question 15

Principal imaging test for the diagnosis of PE

Answer 15

Chest CT

Question 16

Lung Scanning

Answer 16

Second-line diagnostic test for PE