Asthma Flashcards
FEV1/FVC ratio indicative of obstructive diseases
<0.70
Responsible for decrease in mortality among asthmatics
Widespread use of ICS
Major risk factor of asthma
Atopy
Physiologic abnormality of asthma
Airway hyperresponsiveness
Noninvasive test used to demonstrate presence of eosinophilic airways
Fractional Exhaled NO
MC side effects of beta-agonist
Tremors
Palpitations
Asymptomatic hypokalemic in elderly
MC side effects of muscarinic antagonist
Dry mouth
Glaucoma and urinary retention in elderly
Local side effects of ICS
Hoarseness
Oral candidiasis
MC side effects of Theophylline
Nausea
Tremors
Palpitations
Best means for preventing exercise induced asthma
Regular ICS use
Drugs CONTRAINDICATED in asthmatics
Aspirin
Beta blockers
Treatment for Acute Severe Asthma
High Dose SABA - FIRST LINE
Ipratropium
IV steroids
Magnesium sulfate
Intubation
Oxygen
Evidence of Variable Expiratory Airflow Limitation (Reversibility Criteria)
↓ FEV1 that ↑ by >12% and by at least 200 mL from the baseline postbronchodilator
↓ FEV1 that ↑ by >12% and by at least 200 mL after 2-4 weeks on steroid trial (30 – 40 mg oral prednisone or prednisolone)
↓ FEV1 by 20% with methacholine or histamine – test for airway hyperresponsiveness
Bronchial Asthma Relievers
ICS + Formoterol (LABA) - preferred reliever
SABA (Salbutamol, Albuterol, Terbutaline)
SAMA (Ipratropium)
Methylxanthine (Theophylline, Aminophylline)
Bronchial Asthma Controllers
ICS
Systemic Steroids
-IV - acute severe attacks
-oral - acute exacerbations
LABA (Salmeterol, Formoterol, Indacaterol)
Leukotriene Modifying Agents (Montelukast)
Cromolyn sodium or Nedocromil
Anti-IgE (Omalizumab)
