Treatment of Fractures Flashcards
Phase of fracture healing that’s the inflammatory phase, has granulation tissue formation, vessels contract, hematoma forms and fibroblasts take over
reactive phase
Phase of fracture healing where cartilage callus forms, there’s lamellar bone deposition, and periosteal cells stimulate chrondroblasts
reparative phase
Phase of fracture healing characterized by trabecular bone replacing compact bone
remodeling phase
What hormones effect healing rates?
thyroid and growth hormone
Which LE fractures can have significant blood loss?
pelvic and femoral
Patient begins getting SOB a couple days after treatment of fracture. What is their diagnosis according to Dorr?
fat embolism syndrome
What fracture heals without treatment?
ribs
What type of fracture requires surgical fixation?
displaced, unstable fracture
Treatment of choice for undisplaced, stable, and some reduced fractures
casts
What is the difference between plaster and fiberglass casts?
fiberglass is more durable, but plaster is easier to mold
For unstable injuries and contaminated fractures
external fixators
For long bone Fx’s, options for cross locking screws. Gamma nails for unstable hip fractures
intramedullary devices
Describe the Salter Harris classificiation system
1-undisplaced 2-physis + metaphysis 3-physis + epiphysis 4- across the physis IV- crush
What do you need to worry about with proximal third clavicular fractures?
internal injuries
What is the common cause of adult shoulder fractures?
fall from standing height
How do you assess healing of distal forearm fracture?
high five after removal of cast
Dorsal displacement/angulation of distal radius due to fall on outstretched hand. Tx ranges from splint to pinning to plating
Colle’s Fracture
How do you assess malrotation of metacarpal fractures?
look at alignment of fingernails or have patient make a fist
When is surgery indicated for vertebral compression fractures?
neuro compromise or unresponsive pain
Patient presents with vague pelvic pain, pain with leg motion, inability to bear weight on the leg
pelvic fracture
Treatment of choice for hip fractures
surgery unless severly debilitated
Patient presents with shortening and external rotation of the leg, groin pain.
femoral neck fracture
Has better outcome for femoral neck fractures than pinning
replacement
Treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures
plate and screws
Treatment for unstable subtrochanteric hip fractures
intramedullary device
Common cause of mid shaft tibial fracture
MVA
What should you be on the alert for with a mid shaft tibial fracture?
compartment syndrome
When is surgery mandatory for ankle fractures?
if there’s ankle joint diastasis
What type of xray do you always need to look at for ankle fractures?
mortice
Type of fracture that is particularly suspicious of child abuse
metaphyseal corner fractures
