Orthopedic Emergencies Flashcards
focused assessment for trauma with sonography. finds blood around heart and abdominl organs
FAST scan
Decreases pelvic volume promoting tamponade. Prevents shifting of the fractures which causes more bleeding.
stabilize pelvis with external fixator
muscle breakdown products which can cause renal failure
rhabdomyolysis
At which joints do vessels and nerves go through tight spaces?
elbow and knee
Describe a class 1 open fracture
puncture wound, minimal signs of contamination
Describe a class 2 open fracture
open fracture with minimal soft tissue damage and contamination
Describe a class 3 open fracture
grossly contaminate wound with little skin coverage
When should you not close a bite wound?
if on hands and feet, crush injuries, deep punctures
When should you close a bite wound?
if on face, not infected, less than 24 hours
What abx should you use as prophylaxis for a cat bite, deep puncture, crush injury, or hand wound?
Amoxicillin clavulanate
What pathogen do you need to worry about with nail puncture wounds and can be treated with cipro?
pseudomonas
What is used to fill the defect left by tumor resection and operative fixation of an impending fracture from a tumor?
methylmethacrylate
Elevated interstitial pressure prevents muscle capillary flow. Ischemia in the compartment causes severe pain
acute compartment syndrome
Where does acute compartment syndrome occur most often?
in lower leg and forearm Fx’s
What is the most sensitive test for acute compartment syndrome?
pain with passive stretch of the muscles