Transport

Question 1

What is adrenaline?

Answer 1

A hormone that stimulates heart rate as preparation for ‘fight or flight’

Question 2

What is an atria?

Answer 2

One of the two chambers of the heart that receive blood from veins and pumps it into the ventricles.

Question 3

What is biconcave?

Answer 3

Describes the shape of a red blood cell in which the middle is pressed inwards, making the cell thinner in the middle than at the edges.

Question 4

What is evaporation?

Answer 4

When particles in a liquid gain enough energy to move fast enough and become a gas.

Question 5

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 5

The red chemical in red blood cells that combines reversibly with oxygen.

Question 6

What is heart rate?

Answer 6

The number of heart beats in a given time

Question 7

What is humidity?

Answer 7

A measure of the concentration of water molecules in the air

Question 8

What is the immune system?

Answer 8

Protects the body against infection and includes white blood cells

Question 9

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 9

A type of white blood cell that make antibodies to attack a pathogen

Question 10

What are phagocytes?

Answer 10

A type of white blood cell that engulf and destroy pathogens

Question 11

What is phloem?

Answer 11

Phloem tissue is formed from many living cells that carry dissolved substances, such as sucrose and amino acids, from the leaves to other parts of plants.

Question 12

What is plasma?

Answer 12

The liquid, watery part of blood which carries dissolved food molecules, urea, hormones, carbon dioxide and other substances around the body and also helps to distribute heat energy.

Question 13

What are platelets?

Answer 13

Fragments of much larger cells that cause blood clots to form at sites of damage in blood vessels.

Question 14

What are root hair cells?

Answer 14

Cells in the epidermis of roots that have a long extension of cytoplasm, where uptake of substances from soil water occurs.

Question 15

What is a vaccination?

Answer 15

A technique for giving a person a vaccine to stimulate the immune system, and protect them from infection.

Question 16

What are valves?

Answer 16

Flaps in the heart and in veins that prevent the flow of blood in the wrong direction.

Question 17

What are ventricles?

Answer 17

The two chambers of the heart that receive blood from the atria and pump it out through arteries.

Question 18

What are xylem?

Answer 18

Xylem tubes are formed from dead cells in the vascular bundles of a plant which carry water and dissolved substances from the roots to the leaves and other parts of the plant.

Question 19

What does xylem tissue transport from plant roots to other parts of the plant?

Answer 19

Water and mineral ions

Question 20

What does phloem tissue carry from the leaves to other parts of the plant?

Answer 20

Sucrose and amino acids

Question 21

What is transpiration?

Answer 21

The evaporation of water from the leaf surface, mostly through the stomata

Question 22

What does the rate of transpiration increase with?

Answer 22

Increased temperature, increased wind speed, increased light intensity and decreased humidity

Question 23

What is human blood formed from?

Answer 23

Liquid plasma that carries red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets around the body.

Question 24

State properties of red blood cells

Answer 24

They have a biconcave disc shape
They contain large amounts of haemoglobin
They are small and flexible so they can carry oxygen efficiently to all the cells in the body