Respiration and Gas exchange

Question 1

Give three differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 1

Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen
Aerobic respiration provides 19 times more energy
Lactic acid is produced in anaerobic respiration

Question 2

Describe how a person can count the rate of beating of the left ventricle

Answer 2

Measure pulse on wrist or neck

Question 3

How do you calculate the rate of ventricle contraction in beats per minute?

Answer 3

Cardiac output/stroke volume

Question 4

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration is plants?

Answer 4

Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 5

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 5

Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 6

How is the energy from respiration used?

Answer 6

Making amino acids from sugars and nitrates and making proteins from amino acids

Question 7

Where do we expect to find lots of mitochondria?

Answer 7

Cells which make a lot of proteins such as the gonads

Question 8

During exercise, the muscle cells respire more than they do at rest. This means that:

Answer 8

Oxygen and glucose must be delivered to them more quickly and waste carbon dioxide must be removed more quickly

Question 9

What is the other name for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Answer 9

Fermentation

Question 10

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals/humans?

Answer 10

Glucose = lactic acid

Question 11

What is respiration?

Answer 11

The process of releasing energy from glucose, which happens constantly in every living cell

Question 12

What is the purpose of respiration?

Answer 12

To release energy

Question 13

What are alveoli?

Answer 13

The tiny bulges of the air sacs in lungs where gases diffuse between the air in the lungs and the blood.

Question 14

What are bronchi?

Answer 14

The two divisions of the trachea as it joins to the lungs

Question 15

What are bronchioles?

Answer 15

The tiny tubes in the lungs that carry air to the alveoli

Question 16

What does carcinogenic mean?

Answer 16

Something that causes cancer, which is the uncontrolled division of cells.

Question 17

What is the compensation point?

Answer 17

The point at which the rate of photosynthesis and respiration in a plant are equal, so that there is no net production or uptake of gas.

Question 18

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 18

The sheet of muscle and tendon at the bottom of the lungs that controls breathing.

Question 19

What is exhalation?

Answer 19

Breathing out

Question 20

What is inhalation?

Answer 20

Breathing in

Question 21

What are the intercostal muscles?

Answer 21

The muscles between the ribs that can control breathing

Question 22

What are the pleural membranes?

Answer 22

The two membranes surrounding the lungs

Question 23

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 23

The body system that includes the lungs, diaphragm and other organs involved in breathing.

Question 24

What is the thorax?

Answer 24

The centre part of the body protected by the ribs, which contains the lungs and heart.

Question 25

What is the trachea?

Answer 25

The tube leading from the mouth to the bronchi, sometimes called the windpipe.

Question 26

What is ventilation?

Answer 26

Another word for breathing

Question 27

Why is diffusion important in gas exchange?

Answer 27

It controls the rate at which gases enter and leave an organism