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Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the purpose of photosynthesis

A

To produce food (glucose)

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2
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy to change CO2 + water into glucose and the by-product oxygen

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3
Q

Give the word equation for photosynthesis

A

Light energy
Carbon dioxide + water ➡️ glucose + oxygen
Chlorophyll

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4
Q

How do each of the reactants get into the plant?

A

Plants make their food from carbon dioxide + water in a chemical reaction called photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide from the air, water from the soil

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5
Q

Sketch and label a basic plant cell

A

…

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6
Q

State the location of photosynthesis within a plant cell

A

Chloroplasts

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7
Q

Give the symbol equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O ➡️ C6H12O6 + 6O2

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8
Q

Explain how broad leaves relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

Large surface area so increases the rate of photosynthesis as more sunlight is absorbed

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9
Q

Explain how stem/stalk support relates to its role in photosynthesis

A

They can grow upwards making it more likely for them to reach light. Stem supports plant and is turgid providing structure for the plant.

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10
Q

Explain how many chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of palisade mesophyll relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

More chloroplasts = more photosynthesis

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11
Q

Explain how a network of veins relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

To support the leaf and transport water and carbohydrates

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12
Q

Explain how thin leaves relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

Easier to absorb oxygen, light and water

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13
Q

Explain how the transparent epidermis relates to its role in photosynthesis

A

To allow more light to reach the palisade cells

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14
Q

Explain how tightly packed palisade cells relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

Contains many chloroplasts to absorb all light

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15
Q

Explain how many stomata relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

Allows carbon dioxide to diffuse into the cell

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16
Q

Explain how guard cells relate to their role in photosynthesis

A

To open and close the stomata depending on the conditions

17
Q

Explain how spongy mesophyll relates to its role in photosynthesis

A

Air spaces allow carbon dioxide to diffuse through the leaf, and increase the surface area

18
Q

Name the chemical used to test starch, and describe the colour change if the test is positive

A

Iodine turns black

19
Q

What is the function of starch in a plant?

A

As a food store

20
Q

How could starch be removed from a leaf?

A

Keep it in the dark for over 12 hours

21
Q

What is the wax cuticle for?

A

Prevents the leaf from losing water

22
Q

What is the palisade mesophyll for?

A

Tightly packed, lots of chloroplasts - good for photosynthesis

23
Q

What is the spongy mesophyll for?

A

Gas exchange

24
Q

What is the guard cell with chloroplasts for?

A

Controls gases in/out of leaf

25
Q

What is the stoma for?

A

Allows gases to exchange (CO2 in + O2 out)

26
Q

What is the air space for?

A

Air spaces mean air can get in and out

27
Q

What is the upper epidermis for?

A

Transparent so the light can pass through easily

28
Q

Light intensity affects photosynthesis because…

A

The chlorophyll is able to absorb more light

29
Q

What is the glucose used for in photosynthesis?

A

1) Converted into chemicals required for growth of plant cells such as cellulose
2) Converted into starch, then be converted back to glucose when the plant requires it
3) Can be broken down during the process of respiration, releasing energy stored on the glucose molecule

30
Q

What are the three limiting factors in plants?

A

Light intensity
Temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration

31
Q

Explain why chlorophyll is needed in photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll is necessary in order for plants to convert carbon dioxide and water, using sunlight, into glucose and oxygen

32
Q

Before testing for starch why is it important that you leave the plant in a dark place for 24 hours and what is the process called?

A

This is important so that the plant uses up its stores of starch, this is called de-starching. This mean that any starch identified by the test is the result of photosynthesis during the investigation.

33
Q

What minerals are needed for healthy plant growth?

A

Nitrates to make amino acids
Magnesium to make chloroplasts
Phosphate to make DNA

Biology (20 decks)

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