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Biology > Living Organisms > Flashcards

Living Organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the characteristics of animal cells?

A

These are multicellular organisms
Their cells do not contain chloroplasts and are not able to carry out photosynthesis
Their cells do not have cell walls
They store carbohydrates as glycogen

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of plant cells?

A

These are multicellular organisms
Their cells contain chloroplasts and are able to carry out photosynthesis so make their own food
Their cells have cellulose cell walls
They store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of fungi cells?

A

Mushrooms, toadstools and moulds are multicellular
Yeasts are unicellular
Cell walls made of chitin
Multicellular fungi contain hyphae: fine thread-like filaments with lots of nuclei

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of bacteria cells?

A

Has a flagella to help it move
They are unicellular
They have no nucleus
They have a long circular piece of DNA instead of a nucleus

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of protoctists cells?

A

Microscopic single celled organisms that don’t fit into any of the other categories

Can have features of both animal and plant cells
Usually aquatic

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6
Q

What are hyphae and what is the purpose of them?

A

Fine thread-like filaments with lots of nuclei

Absorb nutrients for fungi to feed on

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7
Q

What is a mycelium?

A

A network of hyphae or the main body of the fungi

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8
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function

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9
Q

What is an organ?

A

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a function

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10
Q

What are plant walls made of?

A

Cellulose

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11
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration using energy released during respiration

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12
Q

What are organelles?

A

Tiny structures within cells

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13
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration

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14
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

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15
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction

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16
Q

What is a substrate?

A

A molecule that is changed in a reaction

17
Q

What is the active site?

A

The part where a substrate joins onto the enzyme

18
Q

Describe the lock and key model of enzyme activity?

A

For an enzyme to work, a substrate has to be the correct shape to fit the enzymes active site. The substrate fits into the enzyme just like key fits into a lock.

Biology (20 decks)

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