Transfer of Learning Flashcards
what is positive transfer of learning
when previous experience of performing a skill is beneficial for learning a new skill
what is negative transfer
practise on one activity interferes with the performance of another activity
what is proactive transfer
when a previously learned skill influences a skill that is currently being learnt
what is retroactive transfer
when learning a new motor action impacts the performance of a previously learnt action
what is bilateral transfer
transference of physical performance learned by one side of the body to the opposite side of the body
how can you optimise positive transfer
- learning situations need to allow for positive transfer
- learner must be aware of transferable elements of a previous skill
- clear and concise demonstrations
- environmental conditions must be similar to the real situations
- information processing may be similar
- diverse experiences enhance it
how can you optimise positive transfer
- learning situations need to allow for positive transfer
- learner must be aware of transferable elements of a previous skill
- clear and concise demonstrations
- environmental conditions must be similar to the real situations
- information processing may be similar
- diverse experiences enhance it
how can you optimise positive transfer
- learning situations need to allow for positive transfer
- learner must be aware of transferable elements of a previous skill
- clear and concise demonstrations
- environmental conditions must be similar to the real situations
- information processing may be similar
- diverse experiences enhance it
what might a coach do when they are aware of transfer theories
- offer a realistic approach to training and practise allowing for early success and progress slow
- maintain similar environmental conditions in both situations
- ensure practises replicate performance environments e.g. defenders
- progress gradually
- highlight similarities and differences
- similar information processing between the skills e.g. open
- if you think negative transfer might occur use progressive part and whole-part-whole
example of positive transfer
golf stroke is enhanced by the fact someone is good at cricket as they have similar action and skill set
example of negative transfer
badminton player trying to learn tennis as there is less wrist action in tennis
example of proactive transfer
a basketball pass and a netball chest pass
example of retroactive transfer
when netball player returns to netball after playing basketball there may be an affect on their skill e.g. obstruction or dribbling
example of bilateral transfer
left footed football player needs to practise with the right foot
how to avoid negative transfer
avoid skills that may cause confusion if practised together e.g. handstand straight after headstand
