Group Dynamics Flashcards
definition of a group/team
a number of people who communicate with each other and who work towards a common objective or goal
a group only forms a bond when…
- 2 or more individuals interacting
- a collective identity
- sense of a shared purpose or goal
- clear structure of communication
e. g football team discuss tactics before game to try and win
what are the stages of group formation in order
forming, storming, norming, performing
what is forming stage
- group gets together
- they will start to test relationships and work out roles
- high dependence on leader for guidance and direction e.g start of new season
what is storming stage
- heightened tension
- rebels may emerge against the leader and competition for status/roles
- stronger sense of purpose and clearer focus
- cliques form e.g. justle for position
what is norming stage
- norms/rules/behavioural standards established
- cooperation replaces conflict and cohesion begins
- roles and responsibilities clearer and accepted
- stronger sense of unity e.g. team leads warm up over leader
what is performing stage
- maturation of group achieved and relationships established
- group able to work as a unit with the primary goal being group success
- more strategies and team aims
- team members trusted to get on with jobs
- team doesn’t need to be instructed or assisted
e. g. been together all season and bonded and able to be successful
what is group cohesion
- to ‘cleave’ or ‘stick’ together
- group that is cohesive is one that sticks together and remains united in order to achieve its goals
what’s group integration
how individuals feel about the group
what’s individual attraction
how individuals are attracted to the group
what is Steiner’s model
success of a team is based on the formula
actual productivity = potential productivity - losses to group processes
faulty group processes = coordination/motivational problems
reasons for coordination and motivational problems in Steiner’s model
- arguments
- poor technique
- timing of players doesn’t match
- playing for fun vs to win
- social loafing
- poor tactics
- poor leadership
- lack of drive/belief
- lack of communication
what is the ringlemann effect
- as the group increases in size the individual effort of each person decreased
- attributed it to reduced coordination and motivation
what is social loafing
where a performer attempts to hide in a group situation often the player will ‘coast’ through the game and not perform to maximal potential
causes of social loafing
- individual loosing identity
- individual efforts not recognised
- others aren’t putting in 100% effort so why should I?
- lack of belief contributions will help
- individuals feeling ‘off form’
