Transcription Flashcards
1
Q
DNA -> RNA is termed ____
A
Transcription
2
Q
Location of transcription
A
Nucleus
3
Q
3 phases of transcription
A
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
4
Q
Transcription: initiation
A
RNA polymerase binds to promoter region
5
Q
Function of RNA polymerase I
A
Transcribes rRNA
6
Q
Function of RNA polymerase II
A
Transcribes mRNA
7
Q
Function of RNA polymerase III
A
Transcribes tRNA
8
Q
Transcription: Elongation
A
- Complementary base pairs are added to 5’ to 3’
- DNA read 3’ to 5’
9
Q
Transcription: Termination
A
Stop code is reached, hairpin loop is created
10
Q
rRNA
A
Consists of small (40S) and large (60S) subunit to make 80S ribosome
11
Q
mRNA
A
- Contains codon
- 3 bases
- each codon codes for 1 amino acid
12
Q
tRNA
A
- Consists of 4 loops
- most important anticodon and acceptor stem
13
Q
Anticodon loop
A
Base pairs with the mRNA
14
Q
Acceptor loop
A
Binds amino acid (coded for by the anticodon)
15
Q
Enzyme that binds amino acid to tRNA is ____
A
AminoacyltRNA synthetase (requires ATP)
16
Q
Message processing
A
- guanylated phosphate cap (5’) and polyA tail (3’) (200 adenine residues) added
- introns removed by splicosomes
- exons spliced together by ribozymes
