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NYCC Biochem I > Hypothalamus-Anterior Pituitary Axis > Flashcards

Hypothalamus-Anterior Pituitary Axis Flashcards

1
Q

Sleep or exercise cause the release of ____

A

Growth hormone release hormone (GHRH)

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2
Q

Growth hormone release hormone stimulate release of _____ from anterior pituitary

A

Growth hormone (GH)

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3
Q

Target organ of growth hormone

A

Liver & tissues, especially bone/cartilage

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4
Q

Growth hormone

Target organ hormone

A

Insulin like growth factor (IGF-1)

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5
Q

Growth hormone function

A

Stimulates muscle, bone, cartilage growth

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6
Q

Temperatures below 97°F (cold) cause release of ____

A

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)

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7
Q

Thyrotropin releasing hormone stimulates release of ____ from anterior pituitary

A

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

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8
Q

Target organ of thyroid stimulating hormone

A

Thyroid

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9
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone

Target organ hormone

A
  • thyroxine (T4): inactive thyroid hormone
  • triiodothyronine (T3): active thyroid hormone
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10
Q

Function of T4

A

Converted to T3 in the liver by a bile dependent deiodinase enzyme

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11
Q

function of T3

A

Active thyroid hormone controls metabolism by making bigger and more mitochondria

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12
Q

Chronic stress causes release of ____

A

Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH)

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13
Q

Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) stimulates release of ____ from anterior pituitary

A

Adrenal corticotrophin hormone (ACTH)

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14
Q

Target organ of ACTH

A

Adrenal cortex

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15
Q

ACTH

Target organ hormones

A
  • mineral corticoid aldosterone
  • glucocorticoid cortisol
  • androgens DHEA and androstenedione
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16
Q

function of mineral corticoid aldosterone

A

increases Na/K ATPase pump in later DCT and collecting duct of kidney

17
Q

function of glucocorticoid cortisol

A

raises blood sugar level

18
Q

function of androgens DHEA and androstenodione

A

can be converted to testosterone and then estradiol

19
Q

gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates release of ____ from anterior pituitary

A

FSH & LH

20
Q

target organ of FSH

A

ovary & testes (seminiferous tubules)

21
Q

FSH target organ hormone: ovary

A

estradiol

22
Q

estradiol function

A

matures follicle in order to release egg

23
Q

FSH

function of testes

A

makes sperm

24
Q

LH target organs

A

ovary & testes (Leydig cells)

25
Q

LH

function of ovary

A

ovulation

26
Q

LH

testes hormone

A

testosterone

27
Q

function of testosterone

A

helps make sperm, secondary sex characteristics

28
Q

GnRH after puberty

A
  • females: released in first half of cycle
  • males: released 8-14x/day
29
Q

after giving birth, there is a localized drop in ____ levels

A

dopamine

30
Q

dopamine stimulates release of ____ from anterior pituitary

A

prolactin

31
Q

prolactin target organ

A

breast

32
Q

prolactin

breast function

A

makes milk

NYCC Biochem I (46 decks)

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