Toxins and Antidotes Flashcards by Meg Sights

Q

Acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine

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Q

AChE inhibitors, organophosphates

A

Atropine (symtpoms) followed by pralidoxime (reversal)

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Q

Amphetamines

A

NH4Cl (to acidify urine)

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Q

Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

A

Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

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Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Flumazenil

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Q

B-blockers

A

Glucagon

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Q

Carbon Monoxide

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

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Q

Copper, arsenic, gold

A

Penicillamine

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Q

Cyanide

A

Nitrate + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

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Q

Digitalis

A

Anti-dig Fab fragments, mostly supportive

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Q

Heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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Q

Iron

A

Deferoxamine, Dferasirox

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Q

Lead

A

EDTA, Dimercaprol, Succimer, Penicillamine

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Q

Mercury, arsenic, gold

A

Dimercaprol , succimer

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Q

Methanol, ethylene glycol

A

Fomepizole > ethanol, dialysis

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Q

Methemoglobin

A

Methylene blue, Vitamin C

Q

Opioids

A

Naloxone

Q

Salicylates

A

NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

Q

TCAs

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

Q

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase

A

Aminocaproic acid

Q

Warfarin

A

Vitamin K, plasma (if active bleeding)

Q

Theophyllin

A

Beta-blocker