Toxicology Final Flashcards
What are the common CS of PPA overdose?
agitation, hypertension, BRADYCARDIA, piloerection
What is the primary focus of treating PPA toxicosis?
treat hypertension with nitroprusside or low dose ace (a1 antagonist)
What should you treat PPA toxicosis with if there is tachycardia?
esmolol because its B1 specific (will not affect B2 which would inhibit dilation of vessels)
What is the MOA of albuterol toxicity?
B1 and B2 stimulation
What are the common side effects of albuterol overdose?
tachycardia
lethargy or agitation
hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia
What is the tx for albuterol toxicosis?
iv fluids for hypotension
B blockers for tachy
monitor K+
low dose diazepam
What are the common CS associated with Beta blocker overdose?
bradycardia, hypotension, lethargy
What do Beta blockers do in an overdose that doesnt happen normally?
beta selectivity is lost
How is beta blocker overdose treated?
IV fluids for hypotension
atropine for bradycardia
What are examples of drugs that are calcium channel blockers?
verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine
What is the MOA of calcium channel blockers?
inhibit Ca+ influx through L type calcium channels –> decreased insulin release, increased lactate
What are the common CS of CCB overdose?
hypotension, sinus bradycardia
How is CCB overdose treated?
IV fluids, calcium, colloids
others - isoproterenol, glucagon tx, high dose insulin/dextrose
A drug causing a side effect and is dose related is classified as what type of adverse drug event?
“intrinsic” - predictable based on MOA
What type of adverse drug event is unpredictable and not dose related?
idiosyncratic
What type of adverse drug event is predictable once it occurs and is not dose related?
allergic
What are the three ways that an intrinsic adverse drug event can cause damage?
due to pharmacologic aspects of drug
due to chemical/physical properties of parent drug
due to toxicity of metabolite
When do idiosyncratic reactions to drugs actually happen?
10-14 days after drug given
What are the 3 most common organs to be affected by idiosyncratic adverse drug events?
liver
skin
blood cells
(lots of biotransformation)
WHat are the 3 body systems affected by zinc toxicosis?
blood - RBCs
GI - corrosive
Kidneys - nephrosis due to hemoglobinemia
