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VM 611 > Toxicology Final > Flashcards

Toxicology Final Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common CS of PPA overdose?

A

agitation, hypertension, BRADYCARDIA, piloerection

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2
Q

What is the primary focus of treating PPA toxicosis?

A

treat hypertension with nitroprusside or low dose ace (a1 antagonist)

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3
Q

What should you treat PPA toxicosis with if there is tachycardia?

A

esmolol because its B1 specific (will not affect B2 which would inhibit dilation of vessels)

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4
Q

What is the MOA of albuterol toxicity?

A

B1 and B2 stimulation

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5
Q

What are the common side effects of albuterol overdose?

A

tachycardia
lethargy or agitation
hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia

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6
Q

What is the tx for albuterol toxicosis?

A

iv fluids for hypotension
B blockers for tachy
monitor K+
low dose diazepam

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7
Q

What are the common CS associated with Beta blocker overdose?

A

bradycardia, hypotension, lethargy

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8
Q

What do Beta blockers do in an overdose that doesnt happen normally?

A

beta selectivity is lost

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9
Q

How is beta blocker overdose treated?

A

IV fluids for hypotension

atropine for bradycardia

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10
Q

What are examples of drugs that are calcium channel blockers?

A

verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine

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11
Q

What is the MOA of calcium channel blockers?

A

inhibit Ca+ influx through L type calcium channels –> decreased insulin release, increased lactate

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12
Q

What are the common CS of CCB overdose?

A

hypotension, sinus bradycardia

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13
Q

How is CCB overdose treated?

A

IV fluids, calcium, colloids

others - isoproterenol, glucagon tx, high dose insulin/dextrose

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14
Q

A drug causing a side effect and is dose related is classified as what type of adverse drug event?

A

“intrinsic” - predictable based on MOA

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15
Q

What type of adverse drug event is unpredictable and not dose related?

A

idiosyncratic

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16
Q

What type of adverse drug event is predictable once it occurs and is not dose related?

A

allergic

17
Q

What are the three ways that an intrinsic adverse drug event can cause damage?

A

due to pharmacologic aspects of drug
due to chemical/physical properties of parent drug
due to toxicity of metabolite

18
Q

When do idiosyncratic reactions to drugs actually happen?

A

10-14 days after drug given

19
Q

What are the 3 most common organs to be affected by idiosyncratic adverse drug events?

A

liver
skin
blood cells
(lots of biotransformation)

20
Q

WHat are the 3 body systems affected by zinc toxicosis?

A

blood - RBCs
GI - corrosive
Kidneys - nephrosis due to hemoglobinemia

VM 611 (16 decks)

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