Critical Care Final Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of shock?
compensatory - hyperdynamic
early decompensatory - hypodynamic
late decompensatory - refractory
What CS are associated with the compensatory stage of shock?
normal mentation, high HR, RR and BP
pink MM
What are the 2 ddx for bounding pulses?
anemia and sepsis
What are CS for early decompensatory stage of shock?
mental depression
inc HR, RR, pale MM
prolonged CRT, weak pulses
What are the CS of late decompensatory stage of shock?
dec HR, BP, pale MM
What are causes of distributive shock?
sepsis, obstruction (HW, thrombosis, GDV), anaphylaxis
What happens to a cats heart rate while in shock?
decreases (bradycardia)
What is the approach to giving fluids to cats in shock?
always hypovolemic - can get pulmonary edema!
What is the defintion of septic shock?
refractory hypotension in the face of adequate fluid resuscitation
What are the CS of feline sepsis?
HR under 150, hypothermia, hypotension (septic triad in cats)
How can you estimate the percent body burned?
each forelimb = 9
each rearlimb = 18
neck, head = 9
throax and abdomen = 18 each
What does a first degree burn involve?
epidermis (superficial)
What does a 2nd degree burn involve?
superficial dermal or deep dermal
What does a 3rd degree burn involve?
full thickness - to subq
How long does a 2nd degree burn take to heal?
3-4 weeks
Which crystalloid fluid has calcium?
LRS
What is the fluid shock dose in dogs?
90 ml/kg, start with quarter dose
What is a quarter shock dose for cat?
50 mls
Whats the equation for anion gap?
AG = (NA+K) - (Cl-HCO3)
Which antibiotic is safe for most exotic species?
baytril (enrofloxacin)
What is the universal donor blood type for dogs?
DEA 1.1 negative and DEA 4 positive
What is a minor crossmatch?
recipient RBCs and donor plasma
What is lost in stored whole blood?
platelets and factors 5 and 8
What are indications for using fresh plasma in a patient?
anticoagulant rodenticide, hypoproteinemia, pancreatitis
What does fresh frozen plasma lose when it is stored?
platelet viability
What does regular frozen plasma lose after it is stored?
factors 5 and 8
no viable platelets
What diseases is cryoprecipitate used in?
VWD and hemophilia A
What should be given to a patient if there is a transfusion complication?
oxyglobin
