Neurology Midterm

Question 1

What mentation is when the patient is unconsciousness but can only be aroused by painful stimulus?

Answer 1

stupor

Question 2

What part of brain controls level of consciousness?

Answer 2

ascending reticular activating system

Question 3

What part of the brain controls cognition and awareness?

Answer 3

cerebrum/thalamus

Question 4

What are head turns caused by?

Answer 4

cerebral lesion, always ipsilateral to the lesion

Question 5

Term for head turn and body turn together?

Answer 5

pleurothotonus, always ipsilateral

Question 6

Term for dorsal curvature of the spine

Answer 6

kyposis

Question 7

What lesion causes decerebrate rigidity?

Answer 7

brainstem lesion - extensor of all limbs

Question 8

What lesion causes shiff sherrington?

Answer 8

lesion in TL spine

Question 9

What is the difference between paresis and paralysis?

Answer 9

paresis - weakness

paralysis - no motor

Question 10

What type of ataxia has dysmetria?

Answer 10

cerebellar ataxia

Question 11

What type of ataxia is a wide based stance and swinging gait?

Answer 11

proprioceptive ataxia

Question 12

What are the 4 parts of horners syndrome?

Answer 12

ptosis, miosis, enopthalamus, elevation of 3rd eyelid

Question 13

What is the afferent nerve for palpebral reflex?

Answer 13

CN V

Question 14

WHat is the efferent nerve for palpebral reflex?

Answer 14

CN VII

Question 15

What is the afferent nerve for dolls eye reflex?

Answer 15

CN VIII

Question 16

What are the efferent nerves for dolls eye reflex?

Answer 16

CN III, IV, VI

Question 17

What are the 2 phases of nystagmus?

Answer 17

fast - away from lesion

slow - towards lesion

Question 18

What is the afferent nerve for nasal sensation?

Answer 18

CN V

Question 19

Term for seizures longer than 5 mins or 2 or more seizures without recovery.

Answer 19

status epilepticus

Question 20

What is the most common type of seizure in dogs?

Answer 20

focal with secondary generalization

Question 21

What is the medical treatment for congenital hydrocephalus?

Answer 21

pred and omeprazole

Question 22

What is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 22

lactulose and antibiotics, low protein diet

Question 23

What drugs should not be given to a hepatic encephalopathy patient?

Answer 23

benzodiazepines

Question 24

What is the most common primary brain tumor?

Answer 24

meningioma

Question 25

What is the most common secondary brain tumor in dogs? cats?

Answer 25

dogs - hemangiosarcoma

cat - lymphoma

Question 26

What is the most common infectious disease affecting the cerebrum?

Answer 26

cryptococcus

Question 27

What form of FIP causes neurological signs in cats?

Answer 27

dry form

Question 28

What is the gold standard for diagnosing rabies?

Answer 28

direct fluorescent antibody

Question 29

What breeds can get necrotizing leukoencephalitis in the brainstem?

Answer 29

yorkies and frenchies, affects white matter

Question 30

What drugs should be avoided in brain trauma patients?

Answer 30

steroids

Question 31

What pupil sizes indicate early severe trauma with sympathetic nucleus dysfunction of the brain stem?

Answer 31

bilateral miosis with left pupil pinpoint

Question 32

What pupil sizes indicate progressive trauma with parasympathetic nucleus dysfunction in the brain stem?

Answer 32

assymmetric left sided mydriasis

Question 33

What drugs should be avoided in idiopathic vestibular disease?

Answer 33

steroids

Question 34

What is the most common cause of vestibular disease?

Answer 34

otitis media/interna

Question 35

What drug toxicity will show up as bilateral vestibular signs in dogs within 3 days of starting treatment?

Answer 35

metronidazole