Neurology Midterm Flashcards
What mentation is when the patient is unconsciousness but can only be aroused by painful stimulus?
stupor
What part of brain controls level of consciousness?
ascending reticular activating system
What part of the brain controls cognition and awareness?
cerebrum/thalamus
What are head turns caused by?
cerebral lesion, always ipsilateral to the lesion
Term for head turn and body turn together?
pleurothotonus, always ipsilateral
Term for dorsal curvature of the spine
kyposis
What lesion causes decerebrate rigidity?
brainstem lesion - extensor of all limbs
What lesion causes shiff sherrington?
lesion in TL spine
What is the difference between paresis and paralysis?
paresis - weakness
paralysis - no motor
What type of ataxia has dysmetria?
cerebellar ataxia
What type of ataxia is a wide based stance and swinging gait?
proprioceptive ataxia
What are the 4 parts of horners syndrome?
ptosis, miosis, enopthalamus, elevation of 3rd eyelid
What is the afferent nerve for palpebral reflex?
CN V
WHat is the efferent nerve for palpebral reflex?
CN VII
What is the afferent nerve for dolls eye reflex?
CN VIII
What are the efferent nerves for dolls eye reflex?
CN III, IV, VI
What are the 2 phases of nystagmus?
fast - away from lesion
slow - towards lesion
What is the afferent nerve for nasal sensation?
CN V
Term for seizures longer than 5 mins or 2 or more seizures without recovery.
status epilepticus
What is the most common type of seizure in dogs?
focal with secondary generalization
What is the medical treatment for congenital hydrocephalus?
pred and omeprazole
What is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy?
lactulose and antibiotics, low protein diet
What drugs should not be given to a hepatic encephalopathy patient?
benzodiazepines
What is the most common primary brain tumor?
meningioma
What is the most common secondary brain tumor in dogs? cats?
dogs - hemangiosarcoma
cat - lymphoma
What is the most common infectious disease affecting the cerebrum?
cryptococcus
What form of FIP causes neurological signs in cats?
dry form
What is the gold standard for diagnosing rabies?
direct fluorescent antibody
What breeds can get necrotizing leukoencephalitis in the brainstem?
yorkies and frenchies, affects white matter
What drugs should be avoided in brain trauma patients?
steroids
What pupil sizes indicate early severe trauma with sympathetic nucleus dysfunction of the brain stem?
bilateral miosis with left pupil pinpoint
What pupil sizes indicate progressive trauma with parasympathetic nucleus dysfunction in the brain stem?
assymmetric left sided mydriasis
What drugs should be avoided in idiopathic vestibular disease?
steroids
What is the most common cause of vestibular disease?
otitis media/interna
What drug toxicity will show up as bilateral vestibular signs in dogs within 3 days of starting treatment?
metronidazole
