Toxicology Emergency Terminology Flashcards
What does AUD stand for?
alcohol use disorder
AUD
- can lead to, worsen, or hide other medical conditions
- contact law enforcement when safety is concern
- withdrawals can be serious and cause seizures and DT’s
signs of AUD
- alcohol odor on breath
- slurred speech
- nausea/vomiting
- incoordination
- delayed reaction time
- confusion, altered mental status
- blurred vision
- lack of memory
lethal
“sufficient to cause death”
what does DT stand for?
delirium tremens
examples of opioids
- heroin
- morphine
- codeine
- fentanyl
opioids
“a class of drug used to reduce moderate to severe pain”
signs of opioid overdose
- altered LOC
- pinpoint pupils
- labored/shallow/agonal respirations
agonal respirations
“gasping respiration; abnormal breathing that can indicate a severe medical emergency”
opioid overdose treatment
- ABC’s
- naxolone (0.5-2mg), IN
uppers
substances that act on the nervous system to cause excitation
downers
drugs that act to depress the nervous system
hallucinogens
substances that cause an increased excitement or hallucinations
examples of uppers
- cocaine
- methamphetamine
- bath salts
examples of downers
- alcohol
- benzodiazepines
- sleeping medications
- “date rape” drugs
examples of hallucinogens
- LSD
- PCP
- certain types of mushrooms
naloxone (narcan)
opioid antagonist (blocks opioid receptor sites)
indications of naxolone
- unknown/unresponsive patients
- opioid overdose patients
dose of naxolone
typically administered intranasally by EMT
- 1mL of medication (1mg) per nostril
- 2mg single dose
black widow spider
- red hour glass on back
- females are venomous
signs of black widow spider bite
- in less than an hour, muscle spasm and cramps (neurotoxin)
management of black widow spider bit
- diazepam
- calcium gluconate
brown recluse spider
- fiddle-shaped
- may cause death
signs of brown recluse spider bite
- localized pain in 1-2 hours
- bite is surrounded by an ischemic ring, outlined by a red halo
ischemic ring
“inadequate blood supply to organ or part of the body”
poisonous snakes
- pit vipers (rattlesnakes, cottonmouth or water moccasin, and copperhead)
- vertical, elliptical pupils and a triangular head
signs of poisonous snake bites
- hemolysis
- intravascular coagulation
- convulsions
- acute renal failure
hemolysis
“the destruction of RBC’s”
intravascular coagulation
“a rare but serious blood clotting disorder that causes abnormal blood clots to form throughout the body’s blood vessels”
management of bites
- ABC’s
- immobilize extremity in neutral position
- do not use ice packs or tourniquets
blood vessel
“a tube through which the blood circulates the body”
