Toxicology Emergency Terminology

Question 1

What does AUD stand for?

Answer 1

alcohol use disorder

Question 2

AUD

Answer 2

• can lead to, worsen, or hide other medical conditions
• contact law enforcement when safety is concern
• withdrawals can be serious and cause seizures and DT’s

Question 3

signs of AUD

Answer 3

• alcohol odor on breath
• slurred speech
• nausea/vomiting
• incoordination
• delayed reaction time
• confusion, altered mental status
• blurred vision
• lack of memory

Question 4

lethal

Answer 4

“sufficient to cause death”

Question 5

what does DT stand for?

Answer 5

delirium tremens

Question 6

examples of opioids

Answer 6

• heroin
• morphine
• codeine
• fentanyl

Question 7

opioids

Answer 7

“a class of drug used to reduce moderate to severe pain”

Question 8

signs of opioid overdose

Answer 8

• altered LOC
• pinpoint pupils
• labored/shallow/agonal respirations

Question 9

agonal respirations

Answer 9

“gasping respiration; abnormal breathing that can indicate a severe medical emergency”

Question 10

opioid overdose treatment

Answer 10

• ABC’s
• naxolone (0.5-2mg), IN

Question 11

uppers

Answer 11

substances that act on the nervous system to cause excitation

Question 12

downers

Answer 12

drugs that act to depress the nervous system

Question 13

hallucinogens

Answer 13

substances that cause an increased excitement or hallucinations

Question 14

examples of uppers

Answer 14

• cocaine
• methamphetamine
• bath salts

Question 15

examples of downers

Answer 15

• alcohol
• benzodiazepines
• sleeping medications
• “date rape” drugs

Question 16

examples of hallucinogens

Answer 16

• LSD
• PCP
• certain types of mushrooms

Question 17

naloxone (narcan)

Answer 17

opioid antagonist (blocks opioid receptor sites)

Question 18

indications of naxolone

Answer 18

• unknown/unresponsive patients
• opioid overdose patients

Question 19

dose of naxolone

Answer 19

typically administered intranasally by EMT
- 1mL of medication (1mg) per nostril
- 2mg single dose

Question 20

black widow spider

Answer 20

• red hour glass on back
• females are venomous

Question 21

signs of black widow spider bite

Answer 21

• in less than an hour, muscle spasm and cramps (neurotoxin)

Question 22

management of black widow spider bit

Answer 22

• diazepam
• calcium gluconate

Question 23

brown recluse spider

Answer 23

• fiddle-shaped
• may cause death

Question 24

signs of brown recluse spider bite

Answer 24

• localized pain in 1-2 hours
• bite is surrounded by an ischemic ring, outlined by a red halo

Question 25

ischemic ring

Answer 25

"inadequate blood supply to organ or part of the body"

Question 26

poisonous snakes

Answer 26

- pit vipers (rattlesnakes, cottonmouth or water moccasin, and copperhead) - vertical, elliptical pupils and a triangular head

Question 27

signs of poisonous snake bites

Answer 27

- hemolysis - intravascular coagulation - convulsions - acute renal failure

Question 28

hemolysis

Answer 28

"the destruction of RBC's"

Question 29

intravascular coagulation

Answer 29

"a rare but serious blood clotting disorder that causes abnormal blood clots to form throughout the body's blood vessels"

Question 30

management of bites

Answer 30

- ABC's - immobilize extremity in neutral position - do not use ice packs or tourniquets

Question 31

blood vessel

Answer 31

"a tube through which the blood circulates the body"