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EMT > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

aerobic

A

the presence of air or oxygen

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2
Q

agonist

A

to enhance an expected response

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3
Q

anaerobic

A

the absence of air or oxygen

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4
Q

aniscoria

A

a condition characterized by unequal pupil size

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5
Q

antagonist

A

to inhibit or counteract the effects of other drugs or undesired effects

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6
Q

aphasia

A

inability or difficulty in speaking

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7
Q

apnea

A

the cessation of spontaneous respirations

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8
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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9
Q

atrophy

A

shrinkage of a cell or muscle

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10
Q

aura

A

sensation (may be visual, smell, taste, etc.) that may precede a migraine or seizure

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11
Q

blebs

A

collection of air between the lung and visceral pleura that can result in spontaneous pneumothorax

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12
Q

brachial

A

artery found in the upper arm, used for pulse checks in pediatric patients

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13
Q

cartilage

A

smooth and firm connective tissue

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14
Q

cell

A

basic unit of life

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15
Q

cilia

A

small, hair-like structures

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16
Q

coma

A

deep state of unconsciousness, unarousable

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17
Q

confabulation

A

made up stories to fill in gaps of lost memory

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18
Q

congenital

A

present at birth

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19
Q

contrecoup

A

occurs at a site opposite of the side of impact

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20
Q

crepitus

A

a grating sound or sensation often caused by bone on bone rubbing, or with inflammation in joints

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21
Q

dehydration

A

an excessive loss of water or fluids from the body

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22
Q

dermatomes

A

specific area that is supplied by a single spinal nerve

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23
Q

dysarthria

A

poor articulation of speech; often due to affected muscles used in speaking

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24
Q

dyskinesia

A

disorder related to involuntary muscle movements

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25
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of a cell

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26
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing (stroke/anaphylaxis)

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27
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

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28
Q

edema

A

excess fluid in the interstitial spaces

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29
Q

epidemic

A

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time

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30
Q

erthrocytes

A

red blood cells

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31
Q

fascia

A

connective tissue that surrounds or separates muscles

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32
Q

gait

A

walking or moving on foot

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33
Q

gestation

A

period from fertilization of ovum to birth of fetus

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34
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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35
Q

hemiparesis

A

one-sided weakness; often seen in those with CVA’s

36
Q

hemolysis

A

breakdown of red blood cells

37
Q

hemophilia

A

hereditary bleeding disorders due to missing factors for proper blood coagulation

38
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

39
Q

host

A

an animal or human with exposure to an infectious agent

40
Q

idiopathic

A

unknown cause

41
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control bowel or bladder function

42
Q

infarction

A

death of tissue from lack of oxygen

43
Q

inferior

A

down/bottom, toward the feet

44
Q

jejunum

A

part of the small intestine

45
Q

joule

A

measurement of electrical energy

46
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormal curvature of the spine, increased convexity as viewed laterally

47
Q

lactate

A

found in cells during metabolism, byproduct of lactic acid

48
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

49
Q

malaise

A

general weakness

50
Q

mania

A

a mood disorder characterized by hyperactivity, agitation, excitement and occasional violent and self-destructive behavior

51
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools containing digested blood

52
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

53
Q

necrosis

A

death of a cell or a group of cells as the result of disease, ischemia, or injury

54
Q

nucleus

A

controlling body of a cell

55
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary jerking actions of the eyes

56
Q

oliguria

A

diminished ability to create or pass urine

57
Q

osmosis

A

the diffusion of solvent (water) through a membrane form a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution

58
Q

ostomy

A

a surgical opening that creates a hole from the inside of the body to the outside

59
Q

ovum

A

a female egg or egg cell

60
Q

paresthesia

A

sensation of numbness tingling or “pins and needles”

61
Q

pathogen

A

a cause of a disease

62
Q

phobia

A

anxiety disorder characterized by an obsessive, irrational, and intense fear of a specific object or activity

63
Q

photophobia

A

a sensitivity to light that is abnormal

64
Q

plasma

A

the fluid part of blood

65
Q

platelets

A

fragments of cells that are responsible for initiating the clotting process

66
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

67
Q

priapism

A

a painful and persistent erection

68
Q

quadriplegia

A

weakness or paralysis of all four extremities and the trunk; often occurs after a high-level cervical spine fracture

69
Q

referred pain

A

pain felt at a site away from its origin

70
Q

rhonchi

A

abnormal, course, rattling respiratory sounds, usually caused by secretions in the bronchial airways or muscular spasm/constriction

71
Q

sclera

A

the white outer layer of the eyeball

72
Q

slander

A

false statements about a person

73
Q

stridor

A

high-pitched musical sound caused by an obstruction in the trachea or larynx

74
Q

stroke volume

A

volume (amount in mL) of blood ejected from one ventricle in a single heartbeat; normal range is 60-100 with average being 70mL

75
Q

subluxation

A

a partial dislocations

76
Q

surfactant

A

substance that reduces the surface tension of the pulmonary fluids

77
Q

tendons

A

bands of connective tissue that connect muscle to bone

78
Q

tidal volume

A

volume (or amount) of air inspired or expired in a single breath

79
Q

tort

A

personal harm or injury caused by civil versus criminal wrongs

80
Q

uremia

A

excess of urea and other nitrogen based wastes in the blood

81
Q

urticaria

A

hives

82
Q

ventilation

A

mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs

83
Q

vesicants

A

an agent that causes blistering

84
Q

virulence

A

the harmfulness of a disease or poison

85
Q

wheals

A

small areas of swelling that results from an allergic reaction; similar to hives (urticaria)

86
Q

xiphoid process

A

smallest of three parts of the sternum. Articulates caudally with the body of the sternum and laterally with the seventh rib; can fracture with inappropriate hand placement during CPR

87
Q

zygote

A

a fertilized ovum (egg)

EMT (20 decks)

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